'http://example.com#@127.0.0.1/x.txt' equals a request to example.com
for the '/' document with the rest of the URL being a fragment.

CVE-2016-8624

Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_20161102J.html
Reported-by: Fernando Muñoz

- Wrap more words with underscores in backticks.

Follow-up to 13f49133.

words with underscore need to be within `these`

Bug: https://github.com/curl/curl-www/issues/19
Reported-by : Jay Satiro

- Change initial message box to mention delay when downloading/parsing.

Since there is no progress meter it was somewhat unexpected that after
choosing a filename nothing appears to happen, when actually the cert
data is in the process of being downloaded and parsed.

- Warn if OpenSSL is not present.

- Use a UTF-8 stream to make the ca-bundle data.

- Save the UTF-8 ca-bundle stream as binary so that no BOM is added.

---

This is a follow-up to d2c6d156 which switched mk-ca-bundle.vbs output to
ANSI due to corrupt UTF-8 output, now fixed.

This change completes making the default certificate bundle output of
mk-ca-bundle.vbs as close as possible to that of mk-ca-bundle.pl, which
should make it easier to review any difference between their output.

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1012

To make it render better on the web site, at the price of it becoming
slightly less readable as text.

- Clarify that this option is only for HTTP/1.1 pipelining.

Bug: https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/1059
Reported-by: Jeroen Ooms

Assisted-by: Daniel Stenberg

Closes #927

Closes #893

Some versions of test allow == for equality, but others (such as the HP-UX
version) do not.  Use a single = for correctness.

Error output:
checking for monotonic clock_gettime... ./configure[20445]: ==: A test command parameter is not valid.

- we allow the security push up to 48 hours before the release

- add a mention about possible pre-notifications

- lower case the 'curl-security' title

Closes #1088

Reported-by: wyattoday
Fixes #1087

... in case the handshake completes before entering
CURLM_STATE_PROTOCONNECT

Bug: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/1388162

Bring the VBScript version more in line with the perl version:

- Change timestamp to UTC.

- Change URL retrieval to HTTPS-only by default.

- Comment out the options that disabled SSL cert checking by default.

- Assume OpenSSL is present, get SHA256. And add a flag to toggle it.

- Fix cert issuer name output.

The cert issuer output is now ansi, converted from UTF-8. Prior to this
it was corrupt UTF-8. It turns out though we can work with UTF-8 the
FSO object that writes ca-bundle can't write UTF-8, so there will have
to be some alternative if UTF-8 is needed (like an ADODB.Stream).

- Disable the certificate text info feature.

The certificate text info doesn't work properly with any recent OpenSSL.

See #1084

Brought in 1ad2bdcf. Now does HTTPS by default and needs -k to
fall back to plain HTTP.

- Change all predefined Mozilla URLs to HTTPS (Gregory Szorc).

- New option -k to allow URLs other than HTTPS and enable HTTP fallback.

Prior to this change the default URL retrieval mode was to fall back to
HTTP if HTTPS didn't work.

Reported-by: Gregory Szorc

Closes #1012

Several independent reports on infinite loops hanging in the
close_all_connections() function when closing a multi handle, can be
fixed by first marking the connection to get closed before calling
Curl_disconnect.

This is more fixing-the-symptom rather than the underlying problem
though.

Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/mail/lib-2016-10/0011.html
Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/mail/lib-2016-10/0059.html

Reported-by: Dan Fandrich, Valentin David, Miloš Ljumović

In short the easy handle needs to be disconnected from its connection at
this point since the connection still is serving other easy handles.

In our app we can reliably reproduce a crash in our http2 stress test
that is fixed by this change. I can't easily reproduce the same test in
a small example.

This is the gdb/asan output:

==11785==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0xe9f4fb80 at pc 0x09f41f19 bp 0xf27be688 sp 0xf27be67c
READ of size 4 at 0xe9f4fb80 thread T13 (RESOURCE_HTTP)
    #0 0x9f41f18 in curl_multi_remove_handle /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:666

0xe9f4fb80 is located 0 bytes inside of 1128-byte region [0xe9f4fb80,0xe9f4ffe8)
freed by thread T13 (RESOURCE_HTTP) here:
    #0 0xf7b1b5c2 in __interceptor_free /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cc:45
    #1 0x9f7862d in conn_free /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:2808
    #2 0x9f78c6a in Curl_disconnect /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:2876
    #3 0x9f41b09 in multi_done /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:615
    #4 0x9f48017 in multi_runsingle /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:1896
    #5 0x9f490f1 in curl_multi_perform /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:2123
    #6 0x9c4443c in perform /path/to/source/src/net/resourcemanager/ResourceManagerCurlThread.cpp:854
    #7 0x9c445e0 in ...
    #8 0x9c4cf1d in ...
    #9 0xa2be6b5 in ...
    #10 0xf7aa5780 in asan_thread_start /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_interceptors.cc:226
    #11 0xf4d3a16d in __clone (/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0xe716d)

previously allocated by thread T13 (RESOURCE_HTTP) here:
    #0 0xf7b1ba27 in __interceptor_calloc /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cc:70
    #1 0x9f7dfa6 in allocate_conn /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:3904
    #2 0x9f88ca0 in create_conn /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:5797
    #3 0x9f8c928 in Curl_connect /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:6438
    #4 0x9f45a8c in multi_runsingle /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:1411
    #5 0x9f490f1 in curl_multi_perform /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:2123
    #6 0x9c4443c in perform /path/to/source/src/net/resourcemanager/ResourceManagerCurlThread.cpp:854
    #7 0x9c445e0 in ...
    #8 0x9c4cf1d in ...
    #9 0xa2be6b5 in ...
    #10 0xf7aa5780 in asan_thread_start /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_interceptors.cc:226
    #11 0xf4d3a16d in __clone (/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0xe716d)

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free /path/to/source/3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:666 in curl_multi_remove_handle
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
  0x3d3e9f20: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9f30: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9f40: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9f50: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fa fa fa
  0x3d3e9f60: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
=>0x3d3e9f70:[fd]fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9f80: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9f90: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9fa0: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9fb0: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x3d3e9fc0: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
  Addressable:           00
  Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
  Heap left redzone:       fa
  Heap right redzone:      fb
  Freed heap region:       fd
  Stack left redzone:      f1
  Stack mid redzone:       f2
  Stack right redzone:     f3
  Stack partial redzone:   f4
  Stack after return:      f5
  Stack use after scope:   f8
  Global redzone:          f9
  Global init order:       f6
  Poisoned by user:        f7
  Container overflow:      fc
  Array cookie:            ac
  Intra object redzone:    bb
  ASan internal:           fe
  Left alloca redzone:     ca
  Right alloca redzone:    cb
==11785==ABORTING

Thread 14 "RESOURCE_HTTP" received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
[Switching to Thread 0xf27bfb40 (LWP 12324)]
0xf7fd8be9 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
 (gdb) bt
 #0  0xf7fd8be9 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
 #1  0xf4c7ee89 in __GI_raise (sig=6) at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:54
 #2  0xf4c803e7 in __GI_abort () at abort.c:89
 #3  0xf7b2ef2e in __sanitizer::Abort () at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_posix_libcdep.cc:122
 #4  0xf7b262fa in __sanitizer::Die () at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common.cc:145
 #5  0xf7b21ab3 in __asan::ScopedInErrorReport::~ScopedInErrorReport (this=0xf27be171, __in_chrg=<optimized out>) at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_report.cc:689
 #6  0xf7b214a5 in __asan::ReportGenericError (pc=166993689, bp=4068206216, sp=4068206204, addr=3925146496, is_write=false, access_size=4, exp=0, fatal=true) at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_report.cc:1074
 #7  0xf7b21fce in __asan::__asan_report_load4 (addr=3925146496) at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_rtl.cc:129
 #8  0x09f41f19 in curl_multi_remove_handle (multi=0xf3406080, data=0xde582400) at /path/to/source3rdparty/curl/lib/multi.c:666
 #9  0x09f6b277 in Curl_close (data=0xde582400) at /path/to/source3rdparty/curl/lib/url.c:415
 #10 0x09f3354e in curl_easy_cleanup (data=0xde582400) at /path/to/source3rdparty/curl/lib/easy.c:860
 #11 0x09c6de3f in ...
 #12 0x09c378c5 in ...
 #13 0x09c48133 in ...
 #14 0x09c4d092 in ...
 #15 0x0a2be6b6 in ...
 #16 0xf7aa5781 in asan_thread_start (arg=0xf2d22938) at /opt/toolchain/src/gcc-6.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_interceptors.cc:226
 #17 0xf5de52b5 in start_thread (arg=0xf27bfb40) at pthread_create.c:333
 #18 0xf4d3a16e in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/clone.S:114

Fixes #1083

Also heavily edited for content. Removed lots of old cruft that we added
like 10+ years ago that is likely incorrect by now.

Also removed INSTALL.devcpp for same reason.

In addition to -miphoneos-version-min, the same version can be set
using -mios-version-min. And for WatchOS and TvOS, there's
-mwatchos-version-min and -mtvos-version-min.

This helps building binaries that can work on multiple macOS versions.

Help-by: Martin Storsjö

Fixes #1069

The closure handle only ever has default timeouts set. To improve the
state somewhat we clone the timeouts from each added handle so that the
closure handle always has the same timeouts as the most recently added
easy handle.

Fixes #739

... so that the same libcurl build easier can run on any version.

Follow-up to issue #1057

The tool was never called cURL, only the project. But even so, we have
more and more over time switched to just use lower case.

... since if it fails to init the entire array and then tries to clean
it up, it would attempt to work on an uninitialized pointer.

As otherwise the callback could be called with a NULL pointer when RTSP
data is provided.

Curl_select_ready() was the former API that was replaced with
Curl_select_check() a while back and the former arg setup was provided
with a define (in order to leave existing code unmodified).

Now we instead offer SOCKET_READABLE and SOCKET_WRITABLE for the most
common shortcuts where only one socket is checked. They're also more
visibly macros.