Add support for HEADER, COOKIE, RANGE, CUSTOMREQUEST, MAIL_RECIPIENT,
MAIL_FROM and uploading data.

The tests for object file/executable file extensions are presumably only
done for the first of these macros in the configure file.

Bug: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1851#issuecomment-327597515
Reported-by: Marcel Raad
Closes #1873

Now that the form API is deprecated and not used anymore in curl tool,
a lot of its features left untested. Test 650 attempts to check all these
features not tested elsewhere.

- Prepend srcdir include path instead of append.

Prior to this change it was possible that during the check for the size
of curl_off_t the include path of a user's already installed curl could
come before the include path of the to-be-built curl, resulting in the
system.h of the former being incorrectly included for that check.

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1870

It has already been fixed in 6140dfcf

`conn->connect_state` is NULL when doing a regular non-CONNECT request
over the proxy and should therefor be considered complete at once.

Fixes #1853
Closes #1862
Reported-by: Lawrence Wagerfield

Another mistake in my manual fixups of the largely mechanical
search-and-replace ("connssl->" -> "BACKEND->"), just like the previous
commit concerning HTTPS proxies (and hence not caught during my
earlier testing).

Fixes #1855
Closes #1871

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>

In d65e6cc4 (vtls: prepare the SSL backends for encapsulated private
data, 2017-06-21), this developer prepared for a separation of the
private data of the SSL backends from the general connection data.

This conversion was partially automated (search-and-replace) and
partially manual (e.g. proxy_ssl's backend data).

Sadly, there was a crucial error in the manual part, where the wrong
handle was used: rather than connecting ssl[sockindex]' BIO to the
proxy_ssl[sockindex]', we reconnected proxy_ssl[sockindex]. The reason
was an incorrect location to paste "BACKEND->"... d'oh.

Reported by Jay Satiro in https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/1855

.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>

Ever since 70f1db32

 (vtls: encapsulate SSL backend-specific data,
2017-07-28), the code handling HTTPS proxies was broken because the
pointer to the SSL backend data was not swapped between
conn->ssl[sockindex] and conn->proxy_ssl[sockindex] as intended, but
instead set to NULL (causing segmentation faults).

[jes: provided the commit message, tested and verified the patch]

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>

... instead of the prefix-less version since WolfSSL 3.12 now uses an
enum with that name that causes build failures for us.

Fixes #1865
Closes #1867
Reported-by: Gisle Vanem

Closes #1868

- The part kind MIMEKIND_FILE and associated code are suppressed.
- Seek data origin offset not used anymore: suppressed.
- MIMEKIND_NAMEDFILE renamed MIMEKIND_FILE; associated fields/functions
  renamed accordingly.
- Curl_getformdata() processes stdin via a callback.

Back in 2008, (and commit 3f3d6ebe) we changed the logic in how we
determine the native type for `curl_off_t`. To really make sure we
didn't break ABI without bumping SONAME, we introduced logic that
attempted to detect that it would use a different size and thus not be
compatible. We also provided a manual switch that allowed users to tell
configure to bump SONAME by force.

Today, we know of no one who ever got a SONAME bump auto-detected and we
don't know of anyone who's using the manual bump feature. The auto-
detection is also no longer working since we introduced defining
curl_off_t in system.h (7.55.0).

Finally, this bumping logic is not present in the cmake build.

Closes #1861

- Do a case-insensitive comparison of CURL_SSL_BACKEND env as well.

- Change Curl_strcasecompare calls to strcasecompare
  (maps to the former but shorter).

Follow-up to c290b8fb.

Bug: https://github.com/curl/curl/commit/c290b8f#commitcomment-24094313

Co-authored-by: Jay Satiro

This is an adaptation of 2 of Peter Wu's SSLKEYLOGFILE implementations.

The first one, written for old OpenSSL versions:
https://git.lekensteyn.nl/peter/wireshark-notes/tree/src/sslkeylog.c

The second one, written for BoringSSL and new OpenSSL versions:
https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1346

Note the first one is GPL licensed but the author gave permission to
waive that license for libcurl.

As of right now this feature is disabled by default, and does not have
a configure option to enable it. To enable this feature define
ENABLE_SSLKEYLOGFILE when building libcurl and set environment
variable SSLKEYLOGFILE to a pathname that will receive the keys.

And in Wireshark change your preferences to point to that key file:
Edit > Preferences > Protocols > SSL > Master-Secret

Co-authored-by: Peter Wu

Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1030
Ref: https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1346

Closes https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/1866

mime_state is now a typedef.

curl_mime_encoder() is operational and documented.
curl tool -F option is extended with ";encoder=".
curl tool --libcurl option generates calls to curl_mime_encoder().
New encoder tests 648 & 649.
Test 1404 extended with an encoder specification.

... and slightly edited to follow our code style better.

Up2date versions of OpenSSL maintain the default reasonably secure
without breaking compatibility, so it is better not to override the
default by curl.  Suggested at https://bugzilla.redhat.com/1483972

Closes #1846

...for curl-config and its corresponding test 1014

Added test 1904 to verify.

Reported-by: Lawrence Wagerfield
Fixes #1859
Closes #1860

... to a README file that doesn't exist anymore

and some minor whitespace fixes

... not *CACERT_BADFILE as it isn't really because of a bad file.

Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/mail/lib-2017-09/0002.html
Closes #1858

... since people copy and paste code from this example and thus they get
an inefficient POST operation without a good reason and sometimes
without understanding why.

Instead this now returns as much data as possible.

... as the other functions. Makes it easier to machine-parse!