hostip4.c

/***************************************************************************
 *                                  _   _ ____  _
 *  Project                     ___| | | |  _ \| |
 *                             / __| | | | |_) | |
 *                            | (__| |_| |  _ <| |___
 *                             \___|\___/|_| \_\_____|
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2005, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
 *
 * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
 * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
 * are also available at http://curl.haxx.se/docs/copyright.html.
 *
 * You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.
 *
 * $Id$
 ***************************************************************************/

#include "setup.h"

#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>

#if defined(HAVE_MALLOC_H) && defined(NEED_MALLOC_H)
#include <malloc.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETDB_H
#include <netdb.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>     /* required for free() prototypes */
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>     /* for the close() proto */
#endif
#ifdef  VMS
#include <in.h>
#include <inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SETJMP_H
#include <setjmp.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_PROCESS_H
#include <process.h>
#endif

#if (defined(NETWARE) && defined(__NOVELL_LIBC__))
#undef in_addr_t
#define in_addr_t unsigned long
#endif

#include "urldata.h"
#include "sendf.h"
#include "hostip.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "share.h"
#include "strerror.h"
#include "url.h"
#include "inet_pton.h"

#define _MPRINTF_REPLACE /* use our functions only */
#include <curl/mprintf.h>

#if defined(HAVE_INET_NTOA_R) && !defined(HAVE_INET_NTOA_R_DECL)
#include "inet_ntoa_r.h"
#endif

#include "memory.h"
/* The last #include file should be: */
#include "memdebug.h"

/***********************************************************************
 * Only for plain-ipv4 builds
 **********************************************************************/
#ifdef CURLRES_IPV4 /* plain ipv4 code coming up */

/*
 * This is a function for freeing name information in a protocol independent
 * way.
 */
void Curl_freeaddrinfo(Curl_addrinfo *ai)
{
  Curl_addrinfo *next;

  /* walk over the list and free all entries */
  while(ai) {
    next = ai->ai_next;
    free(ai);
    ai = next;
  }
}

/*
 * Curl_ipvalid() checks what CURL_IPRESOLVE_* requirements that might've
 * been set and returns TRUE if they are OK.
 */
bool Curl_ipvalid(struct SessionHandle *data)
{
  if(data->set.ip_version == CURL_IPRESOLVE_V6)
    /* an ipv6 address was requested and we can't get/use one */
    return FALSE;

  return TRUE; /* OK, proceed */
}

struct namebuf {
  struct hostent hostentry;
  char *h_addr_list[2];
  struct in_addr addrentry;
  char h_name[16]; /* 123.123.123.123 = 15 letters is maximum */
};

/*
 * Curl_ip2addr() takes a 32bit ipv4 internet address as input parameter
 * together with a pointer to the string version of the address, and it
 * returns a Curl_addrinfo chain filled in correctly with information for this
 * address/host.
 *
 * The input parameters ARE NOT checked for validity but they are expected
 * to have been checked already when this is called.
 */
Curl_addrinfo *Curl_ip2addr(in_addr_t num, char *hostname, int port)
{
  Curl_addrinfo *ai;
  struct hostent *h;
  struct in_addr *addrentry;
  struct namebuf buffer;
  struct namebuf *buf = &buffer;

  h = &buf->hostentry;
  h->h_addr_list = &buf->h_addr_list[0];
  addrentry = &buf->addrentry;
  addrentry->s_addr = num;
  h->h_addr_list[0] = (char*)addrentry;
  h->h_addr_list[1] = NULL;
  h->h_addrtype = AF_INET;
  h->h_length = sizeof(*addrentry);
  h->h_name = &buf->h_name[0];
  h->h_aliases = NULL;

  /* Now store the dotted version of the address */
  snprintf((char *)h->h_name, 16, "%s", hostname);

  ai = Curl_he2ai(h, port);

  return ai;
}

#ifdef CURLRES_SYNCH /* the functions below are for synchronous resolves */

/*
 * Curl_getaddrinfo() - the ipv4 synchronous version.
 *
 * The original code to this function was from the Dancer source code, written
 * by Bjorn Reese, it has since been patched and modified considerably.
 *
 * gethostbyname_r() is the thread-safe version of the gethostbyname()
 * function. When we build for plain IPv4, we attempt to use this
 * function. There are _three_ different gethostbyname_r() versions, and we
 * detect which one this platform supports in the configure script and set up
 * the HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_3, HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_5 or
 * HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_6 defines accordingly. Note that HAVE_GETADDRBYNAME
 * has the corresponding rules. This is primarily on *nix. Note that some unix
 * flavours have thread-safe versions of the plain gethostbyname() etc.
 *
 */
Curl_addrinfo *Curl_getaddrinfo(struct connectdata *conn,
                                char *hostname,
                                int port,
                                int *waitp)
{
  Curl_addrinfo *ai = NULL;
  struct hostent *h = NULL;
  in_addr_t in;
  struct SessionHandle *data = conn->data;
  struct hostent *buf = NULL;

  (void)port; /* unused in IPv4 code */

  *waitp = 0; /* don't wait, we act synchronously */

  if(1 == Curl_inet_pton(AF_INET, hostname, &in))
    /* This is a dotted IP address 123.123.123.123-style */
    return Curl_ip2addr(in, hostname, port);

#if defined(HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R)
  /*
   * gethostbyname_r() is the preferred resolve function for many platforms.
   * Since there are three different versions of it, the following code is
   * somewhat #ifdef-ridden.
   */
  else {
    int h_errnop;
    int res=ERANGE;

    buf = (struct hostent *)calloc(CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE, 1);
    if(!buf)
      return NULL; /* major failure */
    /*
     * The clearing of the buffer is a workaround for a gethostbyname_r bug in
     * qnx nto and it is also _required_ for some of these functions on some
     * platforms.
     */

#ifdef HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_5
    /* Solaris, IRIX and more */
    (void)res; /* prevent compiler warning */
    h = gethostbyname_r(hostname,
                        (struct hostent *)buf,
                        (char *)buf + sizeof(struct hostent),
                        CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE - sizeof(struct hostent),
                        &h_errnop);

    /* If the buffer is too small, it returns NULL and sets errno to
     * ERANGE. The errno is thread safe if this is compiled with
     * -D_REENTRANT as then the 'errno' variable is a macro defined to get
     * used properly for threads.
     */

    if(h) {
      ;
    }
    else
#endif /* HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_5 */
#ifdef HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_6
    /* Linux */

    res=gethostbyname_r(hostname,
                        (struct hostent *)buf,
                        (char *)buf + sizeof(struct hostent),
                        CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE - sizeof(struct hostent),
                        &h, /* DIFFERENCE */
                        &h_errnop);
    /* Redhat 8, using glibc 2.2.93 changed the behavior. Now all of a
     * sudden this function returns EAGAIN if the given buffer size is too
     * small. Previous versions are known to return ERANGE for the same
     * problem.
     *
     * This wouldn't be such a big problem if older versions wouldn't
     * sometimes return EAGAIN on a common failure case. Alas, we can't
     * assume that EAGAIN *or* ERANGE means ERANGE for any given version of
     * glibc.
     *
     * For now, we do that and thus we may call the function repeatedly and
     * fail for older glibc versions that return EAGAIN, until we run out of
     * buffer size (step_size grows beyond CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE).
     *
     * If anyone has a better fix, please tell us!
     *
     * -------------------------------------------------------------------
     *
     * On October 23rd 2003, Dan C dug up more details on the mysteries of
     * gethostbyname_r() in glibc:
     *
     * In glibc 2.2.5 the interface is different (this has also been
     * discovered in glibc 2.1.1-6 as shipped by Redhat 6). What I can't
     * explain, is that tests performed on glibc 2.2.4-34 and 2.2.4-32
     * (shipped/upgraded by Redhat 7.2) don't show this behavior!
     *
     * In this "buggy" version, the return code is -1 on error and 'errno'
     * is set to the ERANGE or EAGAIN code. Note that 'errno' is not a
     * thread-safe variable.
     */

    if(!h) /* failure */
#endif/* HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_6 */
#ifdef HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_3
    /* AIX, Digital Unix/Tru64, HPUX 10, more? */

    /* For AIX 4.3 or later, we don't use gethostbyname_r() at all, because of
     * the plain fact that it does not return unique full buffers on each
     * call, but instead several of the pointers in the hostent structs will
     * point to the same actual data! This have the unfortunate down-side that
     * our caching system breaks down horribly. Luckily for us though, AIX 4.3
     * and more recent versions have a "completely thread-safe"[*] libc where
     * all the data is stored in thread-specific memory areas making calls to
     * the plain old gethostbyname() work fine even for multi-threaded
     * programs.
     *
     * This AIX 4.3 or later detection is all made in the configure script.
     *
     * Troels Walsted Hansen helped us work this out on March 3rd, 2003.
     *
     * [*] = much later we've found out that it isn't at all "completely
     * thread-safe", but at least the gethostbyname() function is.
     */

    if(CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE >=
       (sizeof(struct hostent)+sizeof(struct hostent_data))) {

      /* August 22nd, 2000: Albert Chin-A-Young brought an updated version
       * that should work! September 20: Richard Prescott worked on the buffer
       * size dilemma.
       */

      res = gethostbyname_r(hostname,
                            (struct hostent *)buf,
                            (struct hostent_data *)((char *)buf +
                                                    sizeof(struct hostent)));
      h_errnop= errno; /* we don't deal with this, but set it anyway */
    }
    else
      res = -1; /* failure, too smallish buffer size */

    if(!res) { /* success */

      h = buf; /* result expected in h */

      /* This is the worst kind of the different gethostbyname_r() interfaces.
       * Since we don't know how big buffer this particular lookup required,
       * we can't realloc down the huge alloc without doing closer analysis of
       * the returned data. Thus, we always use CURL_HOSTENT_SIZE for every
       * name lookup. Fixing this would require an extra malloc() and then
       * calling Curl_addrinfo_copy() that subsequent realloc()s down the new
       * memory area to the actually used amount.
       */
    }
    else
#endif /* HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R_3 */
      {
      infof(data, "gethostbyname_r(2) failed for %s\n", hostname);
      h = NULL; /* set return code to NULL */
      free(buf);
    }
#else /* HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R */
    /*
     * Here is code for platforms that don't have gethostbyname_r() or for
     * which the gethostbyname() is the preferred() function.
     */
  else {
    h = gethostbyname(hostname);
    if (!h)
      infof(data, "gethostbyname(2) failed for %s\n", hostname);
#endif /*HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R */
  }

  if(h) {
    ai = Curl_he2ai(h, port);

    if (buf) /* used a *_r() function */
      free(buf);
  }

  return ai;
}

#endif /* CURLRES_SYNCH */

/*
 * Curl_he2ai() translates from a hostent struct to a Curl_addrinfo struct.
 * The Curl_addrinfo is meant to work like the addrinfo struct does for IPv6
 * stacks, but for all hosts and environments.

struct Curl_addrinfo {
  int     ai_flags;
  int     ai_family;
  int     ai_socktype;
  int     ai_protocol;
  size_t  ai_addrlen;
  struct sockaddr *ai_addr;
  char   *ai_canonname;
  struct addrinfo *ai_next;
};

struct hostent {
  char    *h_name;        * official name of host *
  char    **h_aliases;    * alias list *
  int     h_addrtype;     * host address type *
  int     h_length;       * length of address *
  char    **h_addr_list;  * list of addresses *
}
#define h_addr  h_addr_list[0]  * for backward compatibility *

*/

Curl_addrinfo *Curl_he2ai(struct hostent *he, int port)
{
  Curl_addrinfo *ai;
  Curl_addrinfo *prevai = NULL;
  Curl_addrinfo *firstai = NULL;
  struct sockaddr_in *addr;
  int i;
  struct in_addr *curr;

  if(!he)
    /* no input == no output! */
    return NULL;

  for(i=0; (curr = (struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[i]); i++) {

    ai = calloc(1, sizeof(Curl_addrinfo) + sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

    if(!ai)
      break;

    if(!firstai)
      /* store the pointer we want to return from this function */
      firstai = ai;

    if(prevai)
      /* make the previous entry point to this */
      prevai->ai_next = ai;

    ai->ai_family = AF_INET;              /* we only support this */

    /* we return all names as STREAM, so when using this address for TFTP
       the type must be ignored and conn->socktype be used instead! */
    ai->ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;

    ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
    /* make the ai_addr point to the address immediately following this struct
       and use that area to store the address */
    ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *) ((char*)ai + sizeof(Curl_addrinfo));

    /* leave the rest of the struct filled with zero */

    addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)ai->ai_addr; /* storage area for this info */

    memcpy((char *)&(addr->sin_addr), curr, sizeof(struct in_addr));
    addr->sin_family = he->h_addrtype;
    addr->sin_port = htons((unsigned short)port);

    prevai = ai;
  }
  return firstai;
}

#endif /* CURLRES_IPV4 */