X509_check_issued: check that signature algo matches signing key algo

This implements 3.5.18 "Consistent Public Key and Signature Algorithms"
from RFC 4158 "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Certification
Path Building"

Ref: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4158#section-3.5.18



Fixes #7899

Reviewed-by: Matthias St. Pierre <Matthias.St.Pierre@ncp-e.com>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/7919)