bn/bn_{div|shift}.c: introduce fixed-top interfaces.

Fixed-top interfaces tolerate zero-padded inputs and facilitate
constant-time-ness. bn_div_fixed_top tolerates zero-padded dividend,
but not divisor. It's argued that divisor's length is public even
when value is secret.

[extended tests]

Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <paul.dale@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/7589)

(cherry picked from commit 3a4a88f436ed1dd1165e0b59c1ca4a25e9e1d690)