err/err.c: add err_clear_last_constant_time.

Expected usage pattern is to unconditionally set error and then
wipe it if there was no actual error.

Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(cherry picked from commit f658a3b6)

Resolved conflicts:
	crypto/err/err.c
	crypto/constant_time_locl.h

(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/7737)