FTP: reject path components with control codes

Refuse to operate when given path components featuring byte values lower
than 32.

Previously, inserting a %00 sequence early in the directory part when
using the 'singlecwd' ftp method could make curl write a zero byte
outside of the allocated buffer.

Test case 340 verifies.

CVE-2018-1000120
Reported-by: Duy Phan Thanh
Bug: https://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_2018-9cd6.html