url.c

    conn->curl_disconnect(conn);

  if(conn->proto.generic)
    free(conn->proto.generic);

  if(conn->newurl)
    free(conn->newurl);

  if(conn->path) /* the URL path part */
    free(conn->path);

#ifdef USE_SSLEAY
  Curl_SSL_Close(conn);
#endif /* USE_SSLEAY */

  /* close possibly still open sockets */
  if(-1 != conn->secondarysocket)
    sclose(conn->secondarysocket);
  if(-1 != conn->firstsocket)
    sclose(conn->firstsocket);

  if(conn->allocptr.proxyuserpwd)
    free(conn->allocptr.proxyuserpwd);
  if(conn->allocptr.uagent)
    free(conn->allocptr.uagent);
  if(conn->allocptr.userpwd)
    free(conn->allocptr.userpwd);
  if(conn->allocptr.rangeline)
    free(conn->allocptr.rangeline);
  if(conn->allocptr.ref)
    free(conn->allocptr.ref);
  if(conn->allocptr.cookie)
    free(conn->allocptr.cookie);
  if(conn->allocptr.host)
    free(conn->allocptr.host);

  if(conn->proxyhost)
    free(conn->proxyhost);

  free(conn); /* free all the connection oriented data */

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/*
 * This function should return TRUE if the socket is to be assumed to
 * be dead. Most commonly this happens when the server has closed the
 * connection due to inactivity.
 */
static bool SocketIsDead(int sock) 
{ 
  int sval; 
  bool ret_val = TRUE; 
  fd_set check_set; 
  struct timeval to; 

  FD_ZERO(&check_set); 
  FD_SET(sock,&check_set); 

  to.tv_sec = 0; 
  to.tv_usec = 1; 

  sval = select(sock + 1, &check_set, 0, 0, &to);
  if(sval == 0)
    /* timeout */
    ret_val = FALSE;
  
  return ret_val;
}

/*
 * Given one filled in connection struct (named needle), this function should
 * detect if there already is one that have all the significant details
 * exactly the same and thus should be used instead.
 */
static bool
ConnectionExists(struct SessionHandle *data,
                 struct connectdata *needle,
                 struct connectdata **usethis)
{
  long i;
  struct connectdata *check;

  for(i=0; i< data->state.numconnects; i++) {
    bool match = FALSE;
    /*
     * Note that if we use a HTTP proxy, we check connections to that
     * proxy and not to the actual remote server.
     */
    check = data->state.connects[i];
    if(!check)
      /* NULL pointer means not filled-in entry */
      continue;
    if(!needle->bits.httpproxy || needle->protocol&PROT_SSL) {
      /* The requested connection does not use a HTTP proxy or it
         uses SSL. */

      if(!(needle->protocol&PROT_SSL) && check->bits.httpproxy)
        /* we don't do SSL but the cached connection has a proxy,
           then don't match this */
        continue;

      if(strequal(needle->protostr, check->protostr) &&
         strequal(needle->name, check->name) &&
         (needle->remote_port == check->remote_port) ) {
        if(strequal(needle->protostr, "FTP")) {
          /* This is FTP, verify that we're using the same name and
             password as well */
          if(!strequal(needle->data->state.user, check->proto.ftp->user) ||
             !strequal(needle->data->state.passwd, check->proto.ftp->passwd)) {
            /* one of them was different */
            continue;
          }
        }
        match = TRUE;
      }
    }
    else { /* The requested needle connection is using a proxy,
              is the checked one using the same? */
      if(check->bits.httpproxy &&
         strequal(needle->proxyhost, check->proxyhost) &&
         needle->port == check->port) {
        /* This is the same proxy connection, use it! */
        match = TRUE;
      }
    }

    if(match) {
      bool dead = SocketIsDead(check->firstsocket);
      if(dead) {
        /*
         */
        infof(data, "Connection %d seems to be dead!\n", i);
        Curl_disconnect(check); /* disconnect resources */
        data->state.connects[i]=NULL; /* nothing here */

        /* There's no need to continue searching, because we only store
           one connection for each unique set of identifiers */
        return FALSE;
      }

      *usethis = check;
      return TRUE; /* yes, we found one to use! */
    }
  }
  return FALSE; /* no matching connecting exists */
}

/*
 * This function frees/closes a connection in the connection cache. This
 * should take the previously set policy into account when deciding which
 * of the connections to kill.
 */
static int
ConnectionKillOne(struct SessionHandle *data)
{
  long i;
  struct connectdata *conn;
  int highscore=-1;
  int connindex=-1;
  int score;
  CURLcode result;
  struct timeval now;

  now = Curl_tvnow();

  for(i=0; i< data->state.numconnects; i++) {
    conn = data->state.connects[i];
    
    if(!conn)
      continue;

    /*
     * By using the set policy, we score each connection.
     */
    switch(data->set.closepolicy) {
    case CURLCLOSEPOLICY_LEAST_RECENTLY_USED:
    default:
      /*
       * Set higher score for the age passed since the connection
       * was used.
       */
      score = Curl_tvdiff(now, conn->now);
      break;
    case CURLCLOSEPOLICY_OLDEST:
      /*
       * Set higher score for the age passed since the connection
       * was created.
       */
      score = Curl_tvdiff(now, conn->created);
      break;
    }

    if(score > highscore) {
      highscore = score;
      connindex = i;
    }
  }
  if(connindex >= 0) {

    /* the winner gets the honour of being disconnected */
    result = Curl_disconnect(data->state.connects[connindex]);

    /* clean the array entry */
    data->state.connects[connindex] = NULL;
  }

  return connindex; /* return the available index or -1 */
}

/*
 * The given input connection struct pointer is to be stored. If the "cache"
 * is already full, we must clean out the most suitable using the previously
 * set policy.
 *
 * The given connection should be unique. That must've been checked prior to
 * this call.
 */
static unsigned int
ConnectionStore(struct SessionHandle *data,
                struct connectdata *conn)
{
  long i;
  for(i=0; i< data->state.numconnects; i++) {
    if(!data->state.connects[i])
      break;
  }
  if(i == data->state.numconnects) {
    /* there was no room available, kill one */
    i = ConnectionKillOne(data);
    infof(data, "Connection (#%d) was killed to make room\n", i);
  }

  if(-1 != i) {
    /* only do this if a true index was returned, if -1 was returned there
       is no room in the cache for an unknown reason and we cannot store
       this there. */
    data->state.connects[i] = conn; /* fill in this */
    conn->connectindex = i; /* make the child know where the pointer to this
                               particular data is stored */
  }
  return i;
}

static CURLcode ConnectPlease(struct connectdata *conn,
                              Curl_addrinfo *hostaddr)
{
  CURLcode result;
  Curl_ipconnect *addr;

  /*************************************************************
   * Connect to server/proxy
   *************************************************************/
  result= Curl_connecthost(conn,
                           hostaddr,
                           conn->port,
                           &conn->firstsocket,
                           &addr);
  if(CURLE_OK == result) {
    /* All is cool, then we store the current information from the hostaddr
       struct to the serv_addr, as it might be needed later. The address
       returned from the function above is crucial here. */
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    conn->serv_addr = addr;
#else
    memset((char *) &conn->serv_addr, '\0', sizeof(conn->serv_addr));
    memcpy((char *)&(conn->serv_addr.sin_addr),
           (struct in_addr *)addr, sizeof(struct in_addr));
    conn->serv_addr.sin_family = hostaddr->h_addrtype;
    conn->serv_addr.sin_port = htons(conn->port);
#endif
  }

  return result;
}

static void verboseconnect(struct connectdata *conn,
                           Curl_addrinfo *hostaddr)
{
#ifdef HAVE_INET_NTOA_R
  char ntoa_buf[64];
#endif
  struct SessionHandle *data = conn->data;

  /* Figure out the ip-number and display the first host name it shows: */
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
  (void)hostaddr; /* not used in the IPv6 enabled version */
  {
    char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
#ifdef NI_WITHSCOPEID
    const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_WITHSCOPEID;
#else
    const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST;
#endif
    struct addrinfo *ai = conn->serv_addr;

    if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0,
	niflags)) {
      snprintf(hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), "?");
    }
    if (ai->ai_canonname) {
      infof(data, "Connected to %s (%s) port %d\n", ai->ai_canonname, hbuf,
            conn->port);
    } else {
      infof(data, "Connected to %s port %d\n", hbuf, conn->port);
    }
  }
#else
  {
    struct in_addr in;
    (void) memcpy(&in.s_addr, &conn->serv_addr.sin_addr, sizeof (in.s_addr));
    infof(data, "Connected to %s (%s) port %d\n",
          hostaddr?hostaddr->h_name:"[re-used]",
#if defined(HAVE_INET_NTOA_R)
          inet_ntoa_r(in, ntoa_buf, sizeof(ntoa_buf)),
#else
          inet_ntoa(in),
#endif
          conn->port);
  }
#endif
}

static CURLcode CreateConnection(struct SessionHandle *data,
                                 struct connectdata **in_connect)
{
  char *tmp;
  char *buf;
  CURLcode result=CURLE_OK;
  char resumerange[40]="";
  struct connectdata *conn;
  struct connectdata *conn_temp;
  char endbracket;
  int urllen;
  Curl_addrinfo *hostaddr;
#ifdef HAVE_ALARM
  unsigned int prev_alarm;
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SIGACTION
  struct sigaction keep_sigact;   /* store the old struct here */
  bool keep_copysig;              /* did copy it? */
#else
#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL
  void *keep_sigact;              /* store the old handler here */
#endif
#endif

  /*************************************************************
   * Check input data
   *************************************************************/

  if(!data->change.url)
    return CURLE_URL_MALFORMAT;

  /* First, split up the current URL in parts so that we can use the
     parts for checking against the already present connections. In order
     to not have to modify everything at once, we allocate a temporary
     connection data struct and fill in for comparison purposes. */

  conn = (struct connectdata *)malloc(sizeof(struct connectdata));
  if(!conn) {
    *in_connect = NULL; /* clear the pointer */
    return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
  }
  /* We must set the return variable as soon as possible, so that our
     parent can cleanup any possible allocs we may have done before
     any failure */
  *in_connect = conn;

  /* we have to init the struct */
  memset(conn, 0, sizeof(struct connectdata));

  /* and we setup a few fields in case we end up actually using this struct */
  conn->data = data;           /* remember our daddy */
  conn->firstsocket = -1;     /* no file descriptor */
  conn->secondarysocket = -1; /* no file descriptor */
  conn->connectindex = -1;    /* no index */
  conn->bits.httpproxy = data->change.proxy?TRUE:FALSE; /* proxy-or-not */
  conn->bits.use_range = data->set.set_range?TRUE:FALSE; /* range status */
  conn->range = data->set.set_range;               /* clone the range setting */
  conn->resume_from = data->set.set_resume_from;   /* inherite resume_from */

  /* Default protocol-independent behavior doesn't support persistant
     connections, so we set this to force-close. Protocols that support
     this need to set this to FALSE in their "curl_do" functions. */
  conn->bits.close = TRUE;
  
  /* inherite initial knowledge from the data struct */
  conn->bits.user_passwd = data->set.userpwd?1:0;
  conn->bits.proxy_user_passwd = data->set.proxyuserpwd?1:0;

  /* maxdownload must be -1 on init, as 0 is a valid value! */
  conn->maxdownload = -1;  /* might have been used previously! */

  /* Store creation time to help future close decision making */
  conn->created = Curl_tvnow();


  /***********************************************************
   * We need to allocate memory to store the path in. We get the size of the
   * full URL to be sure, and we need to make it at least 256 bytes since
   * other parts of the code will rely on this fact
   ***********************************************************/
#define LEAST_PATH_ALLOC 256
  urllen=strlen(data->change.url);
  if(urllen < LEAST_PATH_ALLOC)
    urllen=LEAST_PATH_ALLOC;
  
  conn->path=(char *)malloc(urllen);
  if(NULL == conn->path)
    return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY; /* really bad error */

  /*************************************************************
   * Parse the URL.
   *
   * We need to parse the url even when using the proxy, because we will need
   * the hostname and port in case we are trying to SSL connect through the
   * proxy -- and we don't know if we will need to use SSL until we parse the
   * url ...
   ************************************************************/
  if((2 == sscanf(data->change.url, "%64[^:]://%[^\n]",
                  conn->protostr,
                  conn->path)) && strequal(conn->protostr, "file")) {
    /*
     * we deal with file://<host>/<path> differently since it supports no
     * hostname other than "localhost" and "127.0.0.1", which is unique among
     * the URL protocols specified in RFC 1738
     */
    if(conn->path[0] != '/') {
      /* the URL included a host name, we ignore host names in file:// URLs
         as the standards don't define what to do with them */
      char *ptr=strchr(conn->path, '/');
      if(ptr) {
        /* there was a slash present
           
           RFC1738 (section 3.1, page 5) says:
 
           The rest of the locator consists of data specific to the scheme,
           and is known as the "url-path". It supplies the details of how the
           specified resource can be accessed. Note that the "/" between the
           host (or port) and the url-path is NOT part of the url-path.
 
           As most agents use file://localhost/foo to get '/foo' although the
           slash preceeding foo is a separator and not a slash for the path,
           a URL as file://localhost//foo must be valid as well, to refer to
           the same file with an absolute path.
        */

        if(ptr[1] && ('/' == ptr[1]))
          /* if there was two slashes, we skip the first one as that is then
             used truly as a separator */
          ptr++; 
        
        strcpy(conn->path, ptr);
      }
    }

    strcpy(conn->protostr, "file"); /* store protocol string lowercase */
  }
  else {
    /* Set default host and default path */
    strcpy(conn->gname, "curl.haxx.se");
    strcpy(conn->path, "/");

    if (2 > sscanf(data->change.url,
                   "%64[^\n:]://%512[^\n/]%[^\n]",
                   conn->protostr, conn->gname, conn->path)) {
      
      /*
       * The URL was badly formatted, let's try the browser-style _without_
       * protocol specified like 'http://'.
       */
      if((1 > sscanf(data->change.url, "%512[^\n/]%[^\n]",
                     conn->gname, conn->path)) ) {
        /*
         * We couldn't even get this format.
         */
        failf(data, "<url> malformed");
        return CURLE_URL_MALFORMAT;
      }

      /*
       * Since there was no protocol part specified, we guess what protocol it
       * is based on the first letters of the server name.
       */

      if(strnequal(conn->gname, "FTP", 3)) {
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "ftp");
      }
      else if(strnequal(conn->gname, "GOPHER", 6))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "gopher");
#ifdef USE_SSLEAY
      else if(strnequal(conn->gname, "HTTPS", 5))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "https");
      else if(strnequal(conn->gname, "FTPS", 4))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "ftps");
#endif /* USE_SSLEAY */
      else if(strnequal(conn->gname, "TELNET", 6))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "telnet");
      else if (strnequal(conn->gname, "DICT", sizeof("DICT")-1))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "DICT");
      else if (strnequal(conn->gname, "LDAP", sizeof("LDAP")-1))
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "LDAP");
      else {
        strcpy(conn->protostr, "http");
      }

      conn->protocol |= PROT_MISSING; /* not given in URL */
    }
  }

  buf = data->state.buffer; /* this is our buffer */

  /*************************************************************
   * Take care of user and password authentication stuff
   *************************************************************/

  if(conn->bits.user_passwd && !data->set.use_netrc) {
    data->state.user[0] =0;
    data->state.passwd[0]=0;

    if(*data->set.userpwd != ':') {
      /* the name is given, get user+password */
      sscanf(data->set.userpwd, "%127[^:]:%127[^\n]",
             data->state.user, data->state.passwd);
    }
    else
      /* no name given, get the password only */
      sscanf(data->set.userpwd+1, "%127[^\n]", data->state.passwd);

    /* check for password, if no ask for one */
    if( !data->state.passwd[0] ) {
      if(!data->set.fpasswd || 
         data->set.fpasswd(data->set.passwd_client,
                           "password:", data->state.passwd,
                           sizeof(data->state.passwd)))
      {
        failf(data, "Bad password from password callback");
        return CURLE_BAD_PASSWORD_ENTERED;
      }
    }
  }

  /*************************************************************
   * Take care of proxy authentication stuff
   *************************************************************/
  if(conn->bits.proxy_user_passwd) {
    data->state.proxyuser[0] =0;
    data->state.proxypasswd[0]=0;

    if(*data->set.proxyuserpwd != ':') {
      /* the name is given, get user+password */
      sscanf(data->set.proxyuserpwd, "%127[^:]:%127[^\n]",
             data->state.proxyuser, data->state.proxypasswd);
      }
    else
      /* no name given, get the password only */
      sscanf(data->set.proxyuserpwd+1, "%127[^\n]", data->state.proxypasswd);

    /* check for password, if no ask for one */
    if( !data->state.proxypasswd[0] ) {
      if(!data->set.fpasswd ||
         data->set.fpasswd( data->set.passwd_client,
                        "proxy password:",
                        data->state.proxypasswd,
                        sizeof(data->state.proxypasswd))) {
        failf(data, "Bad password from password callback");
        return CURLE_BAD_PASSWORD_ENTERED;
      }
    }

  }

  /*************************************************************
   * Set a few convenience pointers 
   *************************************************************/
  conn->name = conn->gname;
  conn->ppath = conn->path;
  conn->hostname = conn->name;


  /*************************************************************
   * Detect what (if any) proxy to use
   *************************************************************/
  if(!data->change.proxy) {
    /* If proxy was not specified, we check for default proxy environment
     * variables, to enable i.e Lynx compliance:
     *
     * http_proxy=http://some.server.dom:port/
     * https_proxy=http://some.server.dom:port/
     * ftp_proxy=http://some.server.dom:port/
     * gopher_proxy=http://some.server.dom:port/
     * no_proxy=domain1.dom,host.domain2.dom
     *   (a comma-separated list of hosts which should
     *   not be proxied, or an asterisk to override
     *   all proxy variables)
     * all_proxy=http://some.server.dom:port/
     *   (seems to exist for the CERN www lib. Probably
     *   the first to check for.)
     *
     * For compatibility, the all-uppercase versions of these variables are
     * checked if the lowercase versions don't exist.
     */
    char *no_proxy=NULL;
    char *no_proxy_tok_buf;
    char *proxy=NULL;
    char proxy_env[128];

    no_proxy=curl_getenv("no_proxy");
    if(!no_proxy)
      no_proxy=curl_getenv("NO_PROXY");

    if(!no_proxy || !strequal("*", no_proxy)) {
      /* NO_PROXY wasn't specified or it wasn't just an asterisk */
      char *nope;

      nope=no_proxy?strtok_r(no_proxy, ", ", &no_proxy_tok_buf):NULL;
      while(nope) {
        unsigned int namelen;
        char *endptr = strchr(conn->name, ':');
        if(endptr)
          namelen=endptr-conn->name;
        else
          namelen=strlen(conn->name);

        if(strlen(nope) <= namelen) {
          char *checkn=
            conn->name + namelen - strlen(nope);
          if(strnequal(nope, checkn, strlen(nope))) {
            /* no proxy for this host! */
            break;
          }
        }
	nope=strtok_r(NULL, ", ", &no_proxy_tok_buf);
      }
      if(!nope) {
	/* It was not listed as without proxy */
	char *protop = conn->protostr;
	char *envp = proxy_env;
	char *prox;

	/* Now, build <protocol>_proxy and check for such a one to use */
	while(*protop)
	  *envp++ = tolower(*protop++);

	/* append _proxy */
	strcpy(envp, "_proxy");

	/* read the protocol proxy: */
	prox=curl_getenv(proxy_env);

        /*
         * We don't try the uppercase version of HTTP_PROXY because of
         * security reasons:
         *
         * When curl is used in a webserver application
         * environment (cgi or php), this environment variable can
         * be controlled by the web server user by setting the
         * http header 'Proxy:' to some value.
         * 
         * This can cause 'internal' http/ftp requests to be
         * arbitrarily redirected by any external attacker.
         */
	if(!prox && !strequal("http_proxy", proxy_env)) {
          /* There was no lowercase variable, try the uppercase version: */
	  for(envp = proxy_env; *envp; envp++)
	    *envp = toupper(*envp);
	  prox=curl_getenv(proxy_env);
	}

	if(prox && *prox) { /* don't count "" strings */
	  proxy = prox; /* use this */
	}
	else {
	  proxy = curl_getenv("all_proxy"); /* default proxy to use */
	  if(!proxy)
            proxy=curl_getenv("ALL_PROXY");
	}

        if(proxy && *proxy) {
          /* we have a proxy here to set */
          data->change.proxy = proxy;
          data->change.proxy_alloc=TRUE; /* this needs to be freed later */
          conn->bits.httpproxy = TRUE;
        }
      } /* if (!nope) - it wasn't specified non-proxy */
    } /* NO_PROXY wasn't specified or '*' */
    if(no_proxy)
      free(no_proxy);
  } /* if not using proxy */

  /*************************************************************
   * No protocol part in URL was used, add it!
   *************************************************************/
  if(conn->protocol&PROT_MISSING) {
    /* We're guessing prefixes here and if we're told to use a proxy or if
       we're gonna follow a Location: later or... then we need the protocol
       part added so that we have a valid URL. */
    char *reurl;

    reurl = aprintf("%s://%s", conn->protostr, data->change.url);

    if(!reurl)
      return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

    data->change.url = reurl;
    data->change.url_alloc = TRUE; /* free this later */
    conn->protocol &= ~PROT_MISSING; /* switch that one off again */
  }

  /************************************************************
   * RESUME on a HTTP page is a tricky business. First, let's just check that
   * 'range' isn't used, then set the range parameter and leave the resume as
   * it is to inform about this situation for later use. We will then
   * "attempt" to resume, and if we're talking to a HTTP/1.1 (or later)
   * server, we will get the document resumed. If we talk to a HTTP/1.0
   * server, we just fail since we can't rewind the file writing from within
   * this function.
   ***********************************************************/
  if(conn->resume_from) {
    if(!conn->bits.use_range) {
      /* if it already was in use, we just skip this */
      snprintf(resumerange, sizeof(resumerange), "%d-", conn->resume_from);
      conn->range=strdup(resumerange); /* tell ourselves to fetch this range */
      conn->bits.rangestringalloc = TRUE; /* mark as allocated */
      conn->bits.use_range = 1; /* switch on range usage */
    }
  }

  /*************************************************************
   * Setup internals depending on protocol
   *************************************************************/

  if (strequal(conn->protostr, "HTTP")) {
    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_HTTP;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_HTTP;
    conn->protocol |= PROT_HTTP;
    conn->curl_do = Curl_http;
    conn->curl_done = Curl_http_done;
    conn->curl_connect = Curl_http_connect;
  }
  else if (strequal(conn->protostr, "HTTPS")) {
#ifdef USE_SSLEAY

    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_HTTPS;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_HTTPS;
    conn->protocol |= PROT_HTTP|PROT_HTTPS|PROT_SSL;

    conn->curl_do = Curl_http;
    conn->curl_done = Curl_http_done;
    conn->curl_connect = Curl_http_connect;

#else /* USE_SSLEAY */
    failf(data, LIBCURL_NAME
          " was built with SSL disabled, https: not supported!");
    return CURLE_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL;
#endif /* !USE_SSLEAY */
  }
  else if (strequal(conn->protostr, "GOPHER")) {
    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_GOPHER;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_GOPHER;
    /* Skip /<item-type>/ in path if present */
    if (isdigit((int)conn->path[1])) {
      conn->ppath = strchr(&conn->path[1], '/');
      if (conn->ppath == NULL)
	conn->ppath = conn->path;
      }
    conn->protocol |= PROT_GOPHER;
    conn->curl_do = Curl_http;
    conn->curl_done = Curl_http_done;
  }
  else if(strequal(conn->protostr, "FTP") ||
          strequal(conn->protostr, "FTPS")) {
    char *type;

    if(strequal(conn->protostr, "FTPS")) {
#ifdef USE_SSLEAY
      conn->protocol |= PROT_FTPS|PROT_SSL;
#else
      failf(data, LIBCURL_NAME
            " was built with SSL disabled, ftps: not supported!");
      return CURLE_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL;
#endif /* !USE_SSLEAY */
    }

    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_FTP;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_FTP;
    conn->protocol |= PROT_FTP;

    if(data->change.proxy &&
       !data->set.tunnel_thru_httpproxy) {
      /* Unless we have asked to tunnel ftp operations through the proxy, we
         switch and use HTTP operations only */
      if(conn->protocol & PROT_FTPS) {
        /* FTPS is a hacked protocol and does not work through your
           ordinary http proxy! */
        failf(data, "ftps does not work through http proxy!");
        return CURLE_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL;
      }
      conn->curl_do = Curl_http;
      conn->curl_done = Curl_http_done;
    }
    else {
      conn->curl_do = Curl_ftp;
      conn->curl_done = Curl_ftp_done;
      conn->curl_connect = Curl_ftp_connect;
      conn->curl_disconnect = Curl_ftp_disconnect;
    }

    conn->ppath++; /* don't include the initial slash */

    /* FTP URLs support an extension like ";type=<typecode>" that
     * we'll try to get now! */
    type=strstr(conn->ppath, ";type=");
    if(!type) {
      type=strstr(conn->gname, ";type=");
    }
    if(type) {
      char command;
      *type=0;
      command = toupper(type[6]);
      switch(command) {
      case 'A': /* ASCII mode */
	data->set.ftp_ascii = 1;
	break;
      case 'D': /* directory mode */
	data->set.ftp_list_only = 1;
	break;
      case 'I': /* binary mode */
      default:
	/* switch off ASCII */
	data->set.ftp_ascii = 0;
	break;
      }
    }
  }
  else if(strequal(conn->protostr, "TELNET")) {
    /* telnet testing factory */
    conn->protocol |= PROT_TELNET;

    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port: PORT_TELNET;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_TELNET;
    conn->curl_do = Curl_telnet;
    conn->curl_done = Curl_telnet_done;
  }
  else if (strequal(conn->protostr, "DICT")) {
    conn->protocol |= PROT_DICT;
    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_DICT;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_DICT;
    conn->curl_do = Curl_dict;
    conn->curl_done = NULL; /* no DICT-specific done */
  }
  else if (strequal(conn->protostr, "LDAP")) {
    conn->protocol |= PROT_LDAP;
    conn->port = (data->set.use_port && data->state.allow_port)?
      data->set.use_port:PORT_LDAP;
    conn->remote_port = PORT_LDAP;
    conn->curl_do = Curl_ldap;
    conn->curl_done = NULL; /* no LDAP-specific done */
  }
  else if (strequal(conn->protostr, "FILE")) {
    conn->protocol |= PROT_FILE;

    conn->curl_do = Curl_file;
    /* no done() function */

    /* anyway, this is supposed to be the connect function so we better
       at least check that the file is present here! */
    result = Curl_file_connect(conn);

    /* Setup a "faked" transfer that'll do nothing */
    if(CURLE_OK == result) {
      result = Curl_Transfer(conn, -1, -1, FALSE, NULL, /* no download */
                             -1, NULL); /* no upload */
    }

    return result;
  }
  else {
    /* We fell through all checks and thus we don't support the specified
       protocol */
    failf(data, "Unsupported protocol: %s", conn->protostr);
    return CURLE_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL;
  }

  /*************************************************************
   * .netrc scanning coming up
   *************************************************************/
  if(data->set.use_netrc) {
    if(Curl_parsenetrc(conn->hostname,
                       data->state.user,
                       data->state.passwd)) {
      infof(data, "Couldn't find host %s in the .netrc file, using defaults",
            conn->hostname);
    }
    else
      conn->bits.user_passwd = 1; /* enable user+password */

    /* weather we failed or not, we don't know which fields that were filled
       in anyway */
    if(!data->state.user[0])
      strcpy(data->state.user, CURL_DEFAULT_USER);
    if(!data->state.passwd[0])
      strcpy(data->state.passwd, CURL_DEFAULT_PASSWORD);
  }
  else if(!(conn->bits.user_passwd) &&
	  (conn->protocol & (PROT_FTP|PROT_HTTP)) ) {
    /* This is a FTP or HTTP URL, and we haven't got the user+password in
     * the extra parameter, we will now try to extract the possible
     * user+password pair in a string like:
     * ftp://user:password@ftp.my.site:8021/README */
    char *ptr=NULL; /* assign to remove possible warnings */
    if((ptr=strchr(conn->name, '@'))) {
      /* there's a user+password given here, to the left of the @ */

      data->state.user[0] =0;
      data->state.passwd[0]=0;

      if(*conn->name != ':') {
        /* the name is given, get user+password */
        sscanf(conn->name, "%127[^:@]:%127[^@]",
               data->state.user, data->state.passwd);
      }
      else
        /* no name given, get the password only */
        sscanf(conn->name+1, "%127[^@]", data->state.passwd);

      if(data->state.user[0]) {
        char *newname=curl_unescape(data->state.user, 0);
        if(strlen(newname) < sizeof(data->state.user)) {
          strcpy(data->state.user, newname);
        }
        /* if the new name is longer than accepted, then just use
           the unconverted name, it'll be wrong but what the heck */
        free(newname);
      }

      /* check for password, if no ask for one */
      if( !data->state.passwd[0] ) {
        if(!data->set.fpasswd ||
           data->set.fpasswd(data->set.passwd_client,
                             "password:", data->state.passwd,
                             sizeof(data->state.passwd))) {
          failf(data, "Bad password from password callback");
          return CURLE_BAD_PASSWORD_ENTERED;
        }
      }
      else {
        /* we have a password found in the URL, decode it! */
        char *newpasswd=curl_unescape(data->state.passwd, 0);
        if(strlen(newpasswd) < sizeof(data->state.passwd)) {
          strcpy(data->state.passwd, newpasswd);
        }
        free(newpasswd);
      }

      conn->name = ++ptr;
      conn->bits.user_passwd=TRUE; /* enable user+password */
    }
    else {
      strcpy(data->state.user, CURL_DEFAULT_USER);
      strcpy(data->state.passwd, CURL_DEFAULT_PASSWORD);
    }
  }

  /*************************************************************
   * Figure out the remote port number
   *
   * No matter if we use a proxy or not, we have to figure out the remote
   * port number of various reasons.
   *
   * To be able to detect port number flawlessly, we must not confuse them
   * IPv6-specified addresses in the [0::1] style. (RFC2732)
   *************************************************************/

  if((1 == sscanf(conn->name, "[%*39[0-9a-fA-F:.]%c", &endbracket)) &&
     (']' == endbracket)) {
    /* This is a (IPv6-style) specified IP-address. We support _any_
       IP within brackets to be really generic. */
    conn->name++; /* pass the starting bracket */

    tmp = strchr(conn->name, ']');
    *tmp = 0; /* zero terminate */

    tmp++; /* pass the ending bracket */
    if(':' != *tmp)
      tmp = NULL; /* no port number available */
  }
  else {
    /* traditional IPv4-style port-extracting */
    tmp = strchr(conn->name, ':');
  }