Configure: make disabling stuff easier and safer

Disabling one thing may mean having to disable other things as well.
We already have a process to auto-disable things through cascading,
but that was under-used.

Making the cascading mechanism available through a function to be
called to disable stuff makes it more automatic, and helps us when we
forget how different disabling options affect others.

Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/8812)

(cherry picked from commit 71ef78d71f638c7de893c635ee9b0fd16247c762)