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New Japanese translation. 


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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-2022-jp"?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">



<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="ja" lang="ja">

  <head>

    <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />



    <title>Environment Variables in Apache</title>



    <title>Apache $B$N4D6-JQ?t(B</title>

  </head>

  <!-- English revision: 1.20 -->

  <!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->



  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"

  vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000">

  <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#0000ff"

  vlink="#000080" alink="#ff0000">

    <!--#include virtual="header.html" -->



    <h1 align="center">Environment Variables in Apache</h1>



    <p>The Apache HTTP Server provides a mechanism for storing

    information in named variables that are called <em>environment

    variables</em>. This information can be used to control various

    operations such as logging or access control. The variables are

    also used as a mechanism to communicate with external programs

    such as CGI scripts. This document discusses different ways to

    manipulate and use these variables.</p>



    <p>Although these variables are referred to as <em>environment

    variables</em>, they are not the same as the environment

    variables controlled by the underlying operating system.

    Instead, these variables are stored and manipulated in an

    internal Apache structure. They only become actual operating

    system environment variables when they are provided to CGI

    scripts and Server Side Include scripts. If you wish to

    manipulate the operating system environment under which the

    server itself runs, you must use the standard environment

    manipulation mechanisms provided by your operating system

    shell.</p>

    <h1 align="center">Apache $B$K$*$1$k4D6-JQ?t(B</h1>



    <p>Apache HTTP $B%5!<%P$O(B<em>$B4D6-JQ?t(B</em>$B$H8F$P$l$k!"L>A0$N$D$$$?(B

    $BJQ?t$K>pJs$r5-21$9$k;EAH$_$rDs6!$7$F$$$^$9!#$3$N>pJs$O%m%0<}=8$d(B

    $B%"%/%;%9@)8f$J$I$N$$$m$$$m$JA`:n$r@)8f$9$k$?$a$K;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    $B$3$l$i$NJQ?t$O(B CGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$J$I$N30It%W%m%0%i%`$HDL?.$9$k$?$a$K$b(B

    $B;H$o$l$^$9!#$3$NJ8=q$O$=$l$i$NJQ?t$NA`:nJ}K!$H;HMQJ}K!$r$$$/$D$+(B

    $B>R2p$7$^$9!#(B</p>





    <p>$B$3$l$i$NJQ?t$O(B<em>$B4D6-JQ?t(B</em>$B$H8F$P$l$F$$$^$9$,!"%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0(B

    $B%7%9%F%`$K$h$C$F@)8f$5$l$F$$$k4D6-JQ?t$HF1$8$G$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B

    $B<B:]$O!"$3$l$i$NJQ?t$O(B Apache $B$NFbIt9=B$$NCf$K5-21$5$l!"A`:n$5$l$F$$$^$9!#(B

    $B$=$l$i$O!"(BCGI $B$d(B SSI $B%9%/%j%W%H$KEO$5$l$?$H$-$@$1!"<B:]$N(B

    $B%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$N4D6-JQ?t$K$J$j$^$9!#%5!<%P<+?H$,(B

    $B<B9T$5$l$F$$$k%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$N4D6-$rA`:n$7$?$$>l9g$O!"(B

    $B%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$N%7%'%k$,Ds6!$7$F$$$kI8=`$N4D6-JQ?t$N(B

    $BA`:nJ}K!$r;H$o$J$1$l$P$J$j$^$;$s!#(B</p>



    <ul>

      <li><a href="#setting">Setting Environment Variables</a></li>

      <li><a href="#setting">$B4D6-JQ?t$N@_Dj(B</a></li>



      <li><a href="#using">Using Environment Variables</a></li>

      <li><a href="#using">$B4D6-JQ?t$N;HMQ(B</a></li>



      <li><a href="#special">Special Purpose Environment

      Variables</a></li>

      <li><a href="#special">$BFCJL$JL\E*$N4D6-JQ?t(B</a></li>



      <li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>

      <li><a href="#examples">$BNc(B</a></li>

    </ul>

    <hr />



    <h2><a id="setting" name="setting">Setting Environment

    Variables</a></h2>

    <h2><a id="setting" name="setting">$B4D6-JQ?t$N@_Dj(B</a></h2>





    <table border="1">

      <tr>

        <td valign="top"><strong>Related Modules</strong><br />

        <td valign="top"><strong>$B4XO"%b%8%e!<%k(B</strong><br />

         <br />

         <a href="mod/mod_env.html">mod_env</a><br />

         <a href="mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a><br />
@@ -60,7 +57,7 @@ 
         <a href="mod/mod_unique_id.html">mod_unique_id</a><br />

         </td>



        <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />

        <td valign="top"><strong>$B4XO"%G%#%l%/%F%#%V(B</strong><br />

         <br />

         <a

        href="mod/mod_setenvif.html#BrowserMatch">BrowserMatch</a><br />
@@ -79,69 +76,68 @@ 
      </tr>

    </table>



    <h3>Basic Environment Manipulation</h3>

    <h3>$B4pK\E*$J4D6-$NA`:n(B</h3>



    <p>The most basic way to set an environment variable in Apache

    is using the unconditional <code>SetEnv</code> directive.

    Variables may also be passed from the environment of the shell

    which started the server using the <code>PassEnv</code>

    directive.</p>

    <p>Apache $B$K$*$$$F4D6-JQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k0lHV4pK\E*$JJ}K!$O!"(B

    $BL5>r7o$K4D6-JQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k(B <code>SetEnv</code>

    $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G$9!#(B <code>PassEnv</code> 

    $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$K$h$j!"(BApache $B$,5/F0$5$l$?%7%'%k$N(B

    $B4D6-JQ?t$rEO$9$3$H$b$G$-$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h3>Conditional Per-Request Settings</h3>

    <h3>$B%j%/%(%9%HKh$K>r7o$K4p$E$$$F@_Dj$9$k(B</h3>



    <p>For additional flexibility, the directives provided by

    mod_setenvif allow environment variables to be set on a

    per-request basis, conditional on characteristics of particular

    requests. For example, a variable could be set only when a

    specific browser (User-Agent) is making a request, or only when

    a specific Referer [sic] header is found. Even more flexibility

    is available through the mod_rewrite's <code>RewriteRule</code>

    which uses the <code>[E=...]</code> option to set environment

    variables.</p>

    <p>$B$h$j=@Fp@-$r9b$a$k$?$a$K!"(Bmod_setenvif

    $B$GDs6!$5$l$F$$$k%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G!"%j%/%(%9%H$N(B

    $BFC@-$K4p$E$$$F4D6-JQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#Nc$($P!"FCDj$N%V%i%&%6(B

    (User-Agent) $B$N%j%/%(%9%H$dFCDj$N(B Referer [$B0U?^E*$JDV$j$G$9(B]

    ($BLuCm(B: $B@5$7$$DV$j$O(B referrer $B$G$9$,!"(BHTTP $B$N;EMM$G$O(B Referer

    $B$H$J$C$F$$$^$9(B) $B%X%C%@$,8+$D$+$C$?$H$-$N$_JQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    mod_rewrite $B$N(B <code>RewriteRule</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$K$*$$$F(B

    $B4D6-JQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k(B <code>[E=...]</code> $B%*%W%7%g%s$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G!"(B

    $B$h$j=@Fp$J@_Dj$r9T$J$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h3>Unique Identifiers</h3>

    <h3>$B0l0U$J<1JL;R(B</h3>



    <p>Finally, mod_unique_id sets the environment variable

    <code>UNIQUE_ID</code> for each request to a value which is

    guaranteed to be unique across "all" requests under very

    specific conditions.</p>

    <p>mod_unique_id $B$O!"Hs>o$K8B$i$l$?>r7o$N2<$G(B

    $B!V$9$Y$F!W$N%j%/%(%9%H$K$D$$$F!"0l0U$G$"$k$3$H$,J]>Z$5$l$F$$$kCM$r4D6-JQ?t(B

    <code>UNIQUE_ID</code> $B$K@_Dj$7$^$9!#(B

    </p>



    <h3>Standard CGI Variables</h3>

    <h3>$BI8=`(B CGI $BJQ?t(B</h3>



    <p>In addition to all environment variables set within the

    Apache configuration and passed from the shell, CGI scripts and

    SSI pages are provided with a set of environment variables

    containing meta-information about the request as required by

    the <a href="http://cgi-spec.golux.com/">CGI

    specification</a>.</p>

    <p>Apache $B$N@_Dj%U%!%$%k$G@_Dj$5$l$?4D6-JQ?t$H%7%'%k$+$iEO$5$l$k(B

    $B4D6-JQ?t$K2C$($F!"(BCGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$H(B SSI $B%Z!<%8$K$O(B <a

    href="http://cgi-spec.golux.com">CGI $B$N;EMM(B</a>$B$GMW5a$5$l$F$$$k!"(B

    $B%j%/%(%9%H$N%a%?>pJs$r;}$C$?4D6-JQ?t$NAH$,Ds6!$5$l$^$9!#(B

    </p>



    <h3>Some Caveats</h3>

    <h3>$B$$$/$D$+$NCm0U(B</h3>



    <ul>

      <li>It is not possible to override or change the standard CGI

      variables using the environment manipulation directives.</li>



      <li>When <a href="suexec.html">suexec</a> is used to launch

      CGI scripts, the environment will be cleaned down to a set of

      <em>safe</em> variables before CGI scripts are launched. The

      list of <em>safe</em> variables is defined at compile-time in

      <code>suexec.c</code>.</li>



      <li>For portability reasons, the names of environment

      variables may contain only letters, numbers, and the

      underscore character. In addition, the first character may

      not be a number. Characters which do not match this

      restriction will be replaced by an underscore when passed to

      CGI scripts and SSI pages.</li>

      <li>$B4D6-$rA`:n$9$k%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;H$C$FI8=`(B CGI

      $BJQ?t$r>e=q$-$7$?$jJQ99$7$?$j$9$k$3$H$O$G$-$^$;$s!#(B</li>



      <li>CGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$r5/F0$9$k$?$a$K(B <a href="suexec.html">suexec</a>

      $B$,;HMQ$5$l$F$$$k>l9g!"(BCGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$,5/F0$9$k$?$a$K!"4D6-JQ?t$O(B<em

      >$B0BA4(B</em>$B$J4D6-JQ?t$NAH$K@0M}$5$l$^$9!#(B

      $B$3$N0BA4$J4D6-JQ?t$N=89g$O!"%3%s%Q%$%k;~$K(B <code>suexec.c</code>

      $B$GDj5A$5$l$^$9!#(B</li>



      <li>$B0\?"@-$N$?$a$K!"4D6-JQ?t$NL>A0$O%"%k%U%!%Y%C%H!"(B

      $B?t;z$H%"%s%@!<%9%3%"(B ($BLuCm(B: '_') $B$@$1$+$i@.$j$^$9!#(B

      $B$5$i$K!":G=i$NJ8;z$O?t;z$G$"$C$F$O$$$1$^$;$s!#(B

      $B$3$N@)8B$K9g$o$J$$J8;z$O(B CGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$H(B SSI

      $B%Z!<%8$KEO$5$l$k$H$-$K%"%s%@!<%9%3%"$KCV49$5$l$^$9!#(B

      </li>

    </ul>

    <hr />



    <h2><a id="using" name="using">Using Environment

    Variables</a></h2>

    <h2><a id="using" name="using">$B4D6-JQ?t$N;HMQ(B</a></h2>





    <table border="1">

      <tr>

        <td valign="top"><strong>Related Modules</strong><br />

        <td valign="top"><strong>$B4XO"%b%8%e!<%k(B</strong><br />

         <br />

         <a href="mod/mod_access.html">mod_access</a><br />

         <a href="mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a><br />
@@ -151,7 +147,7 @@ 
         <a href="mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a><br />

         </td>



        <td valign="top"><strong>Related Directives</strong><br />

        <td valign="top"><strong>$B4XO"%G%#%l%/%F%#%V(B</strong><br />

         <br />

         <a href="mod/mod_access.html#allow">Allow</a><br />

         <a
@@ -168,108 +164,110 @@ 
       </tr>

    </table>



    <h3>CGI Scripts</h3>



    <p>One of the primary uses of environment variables is to

    communicate information to CGI scripts. As discussed above, the

    environment passed to CGI scripts includes standard

    meta-information about the request in addition to any variables

    set within the Apache configuration. For more details, see the

    <a href="howto/cgi.html">CGI tutorial</a>.</p>



    <h3>SSI Pages</h3>



    <p>Server-parsed (SSI) documents processed by mod_include's

    <code>INCLUDES</code> filter can print environment variables

    using the <code>echo</code> element, and can use environment

    variables in flow control elements to makes parts of a page

    conditional on characteristics of a request. Apache also

    provides SSI pages with the standard CGI environment variables

    as discussed above. For more details, see the <a

    href="howto/ssi.html">SSI tutorial</a>.</p>



    <h3>Access Control</h3>



    <p>Access to the server can be controlled based on the value of

    environment variables using the <code>allow from env=</code>

    and <code>deny from env=</code> directives. In combination with

    <code>SetEnvIf</code>, this allows for flexible control of

    access to the server based on characteristics of the client.

    For example, you can use these directives to deny access to a

    particular browser (User-Agent).</p>



    <h3>Conditional Logging</h3>



    <p>Environment variables can be logged in the access log using

    the <code>LogFormat</code> option <code>%e</code>. In addition,

    the decision on whether or not to log requests can be made

    based on the status of environment variables using the

    conditional form of the <code>CustomLog</code> directive. In

    combination with <code>SetEnvIf</code> this allows for flexible

    control of which requests are logged. For example, you can

    choose not to log requests for filenames ending in

    <code>gif</code>, or you can choose to only log requests from

    clients which are outside your subnet.</p>



    <h3>Conditional Response Headers</h3>



    <p>The <code>Header</code> directive can use the presence or

    absence of an environment variable to determine whether or not

    a certain HTTP header will be placed in the response to the

    client. This allows, for example, a certain response header to

    be sent only if a corresponding header is received in the

    request from the client.</p>



    <h3>URL Rewriting</h3>



    <p>The <code>%{ENV:...}</code> form of <em>TestString</em> in

    the <code>RewriteCond</code> allows mod_rewrite's rewrite

    engine to make decisions conditional on environment variables.

    Note that the variables accessible in mod_rewrite without the

    <code>ENV:</code> prefix are not actually environment

    variables. Rather, they are variables special to mod_rewrite

    which cannot be accessed from other modules.</p>

    <h3>CGI $B%9%/%j%W%H(B</h3>



    <p>$B4D6-JQ?t$N<g$JMxMQK!$N0l$D$O!"(BCGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$K>pJs$rEA$($k$3$H$G$9!#(B

    $B>e$G@bL@$5$l$F$$$k$h$&$K!"(BCGI $B%9%/%j%W%H$KEO$5$l$k4D6-JQ?t$O(B Apache

    $B$N@_Dj$K$h$j@_Dj$5$l$kJQ?t$K2C$($F!"%j%/%(%9%H$NI8=`$N%a%?>pJs$r4^$s$G$$$^$9!#(B

    $B>\:Y$O(B <a href="howto/cgi.html">CGI $B%A%e!<%H%j%"%k(B</a> $B$r;2>H$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B

    </p>





    <h3>SSI $B%Z!<%8(B</h3>



    <p>

    mod_include $B$N(B <code>INCLUDES</code> $B%U%#%k%?$G=hM}$5$l$k(B

    server-parsed (SSI) $B%I%-%e%a%s%H$G$O!"(B<code>echo</code>

    $BMWAG$r;HMQ$9$k$H4D6-JQ?t$,=PNO$5$l$^$9!#(B

    $B$^$?!"%Z!<%8$N$"$kItJ,$,%j%/%(%9%H$N@-<A$K1~$8$FJQ99$5$l$k$h$&$K!"(B

    $B4D6-JQ?t$r%U%m!<@)8fMWAG$G;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#>\:Y$O(B

    <a href="howto/ssi.html">SSI $B%A%e!<%H%j%"%k(B</a> $B$r;2>H$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B

    </p>



    <h3>$B%"%/%;%9@)8f(B</h3>



    <p><code>allow from env=</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$H(B <code>deny from env=</code>

    $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;HMQ$7$F!"%5!<%P$X$N%"%/%;%9$r4D6-JQ?t$NCM$G@)8f$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    <code>SetEnvIf</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$HAH$_9g$o$;$k$3$H$G!"%/%i%$%"%s%H$NFC@-$K4p$E$$$F(B

    $B%5!<%P$X$N%"%/%;%9@)8f$r=@Fp$K9T$J$&$3$H$,$G$-$k$h$&$K$J$j$^$9!#(B

    $BNc$($P!"$3$l$i$N%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;HMQ$7$F!"FCDj$N%V%i%&%6(B (User-Agent)

    $B$+$i$N%"%/%;%9$r5qH]$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    </p>



    <h3>$B>r7oIU$-%m%05-O?(B</h3>



    <p>

    <code>LogFormat</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$N%*%W%7%g%s(B <code>%e</code>

    $B$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G!"4D6-JQ?t$r%"%/%;%9%m%0$K5-O?$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#$5$i$K!"(B

    <code>CustomLog</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$N>r7oJ,4t<0$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G!"(B

    $B4D6-JQ?t$NCM$K$h$C$F%j%/%(%9%H$r%m%0$K5-O?$9$k$+$I$&$+$r7h$a$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    <code>SetEnvIf</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$HAH$_9g$o$;$k$3$H$G!"(B

    $B$I$N%j%/%(%9%H$r%m%0$K5-O?$9$k$+$r=@Fp$K@)8f$9$k$3$H$,2DG=$K$J$j$^$9!#Nc$($P!"(B

    <code>gif</code> $B$G=*$o$k%U%!%$%kL>$X$N%j%/%(%9%H$O%m%0$K5-O?$7$J$$!"(B

    $B0c$&%5%V%M%C%H$N%/%i%$%"%s%H$+$i$N%j%/%(%9%H$@$1$r%m%0$K5-O?$9$k!"$H$$$&A*Br$,2DG=$G$9!#(B

    </p>



    <h3>$B>r7oIU$-1~Ez%X%C%@(B</h3>



    <p><code>Header</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$O4D6-JQ?t$NB8:_$dIT:_$K(B

    $B$h$C$F%/%i%$%"%s%H$X$N1~Ez$KFCDj$N(B HTTP $B%X%C%@$rIU$1$k$+$I$&$+$r(B

    $B7h$a$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#$3$l$K$h$j!"Nc$($P!"%/%i%$%"%s%H$+$i$N%j%/%(%9%H(B

    $B$K$"$k%X%C%@$,$"$k>l9g$K$N$_FCDj$N1~Ez%X%C%@$rAw$k!"$H$$$&$h$&$J$3$H$,(B

    $B$G$-$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h3>URL $B$N=q$-49$((B</h3>



    <p><code>RewriteCond</code> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$G(B<em>$BI>2AJ8;zNs(B</em>$B$H$7$F(B

    <code>%{ENV:...}</code> $B<0$r;XDj$9$k$3$H$G!"(Bmod_rewrite

    $B$N=q$-49$(%(%s%8%s$,4D6-JQ?t$K4p$$$F>r7oJ,4t$r9T$J$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    mod_rewrite $B$,;HMQ2DG=$JJQ?t$G(B <code>ENV:</code> $B$,A0$K$D$$$F$$$J$$JQ?t$O!"(B

    $B<B:]$O4D6-JQ?t$G$O$J$$$H$$$&$3$H$KCm0U$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B

    $B$=$l$i$OB>$N%b%8%e!<%k$+$i$O;HMQ$G$-$J$$(B mod_rewrite $BMQ$NFCJL$JJQ?t$G$9!#(B

    </p>

    <hr />



    <h2><a id="special" name="special">Special Purpose Environment

    Variables</a></h2>

    <h2><a id="special" name="special">$BFCJL$JL\E*$N4D6-JQ?t(B</a></h2>



    <p>Interoperability problems have led to the introduction of

    mechanisms to modify the way Apache behaves when talking to

    particular clients. To make these mechanisms as flexible as

    possible, they are invoked by defining environment variables,

    typically with <a

    href="mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a>,

    though <a href="mod/mod_env.html#setenv">SetEnv</a> and <a

    href="mod/mod_env.html#passenv">PassEnv</a> could also be used,

    for example.</p>



    <p>

    $B8_49@-$NLdBj$r2r7h$9$k$?$a$K!"FCDj$N%/%i%$%"%s%H$HDL?.$7$F$$$k$H$-$O(B

    Apache $B$NF0:n$rJQ99$G$-$k5!9=$,F3F~$5$l$^$7$?!#$G$-$k$@$1=@Fp$K$9$k$?$a$K!"(B

    $B$3$l$i$N5!9=$O4D6-JQ?t$rDj5A$9$k$3$H$G8F$S=P$5$l$^$9!#IaDL$O!"(B

    <a href="mod/mod_setenvif.html#browsermatch">BrowserMatch</a>

    $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$r;H$$$^$9$,!"Nc$($P(B <a href="mod/mod_env.html#setenv"

    >SetEnv</a> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$d(B <a href="mod/mod_env.html#passenv"

    >PassEnv</a> $B%G%#%l%/%F%#%V$b;HMQ$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

    </p>



    <h2>downgrade-1.0</h2>



    <p>This forces the request to be treated as a HTTP/1.0 request

    even if it was in a later dialect.</p>

    <p>$B$3$l$r;XDj$9$k$3$H$G!"%j%/%(%9%H$,(B HTTP/1.0

    $B$h$j?7$7$$%W%m%H%3%k$N>l9g$G$b!"(BHTTP/1.0 $B$H$7$F07$o$l$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h2>force-no-vary</h2>



    <p>This causes any <code>Vary</code> fields to be removed from

    the response header before it is sent back to the client. Some

    clients don't interpret this field correctly (see the <a

    href="misc/known_client_problems.html">known client

    problems</a> page); setting this variable can work around this

    problem. Setting this variable also implies

    <strong>force-response-1.0</strong>.</p>

    <p>$B1~Ez%X%C%@$,%/%i%$%"%s%H$KAw$i$l$kA0$K(B <code>Vary</code>

    $B%U%#!<%k%I$r<h$j=|$-$^$9!#(B

    $B%/%i%$%"%s%H$NCf$K$O$3$N%U%#!<%k%I$r@5$7$/2r<a$7$J$$$b$N$,$"$j$^$9(B

    (<a href="misc/known_client_problems.html">$B%/%i%$%"%s%H$N4{CN$NLdBj(B</a>

    $B$N%Z!<%8$r;2>H$7$F$/$@$5$$(B)$B!#$3$NJQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k$3$H$G$=$NLdBj$r2sHr(B

    $B$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#$3$NJQ?t$r@_Dj$9$k$H!"(B<strong>force-response-1.0</strong>

    $B$,@_Dj$5$l$?$3$H$K$J$j$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h2>force-response-1.0</h2>



    <p>This forces an HTTP/1.0 response when set. It was originally

    implemented as a result of a problem with AOL's proxies. Some

    clients may not behave correctly when given an HTTP/1.1

    response, and this can be used to interoperate with them.</p>

    <p>$B$3$l$,@_Dj$5$l$F$$$k$H!">o$K(B HTTP/1.0 $B$G$N1~Ez$K$J$j$^$9!#$3$N5!G=$O!"(B

    $B85!9$O(B AOL $B$N%W%m%-%7$NLdBj$N$?$a$K<BAu$5$l$^$7$?!#%/%i%$%"%s%H$NCf$K$O!"(B

    HTTP/1.1 $B$N1~Ez$rJV$5$l$k$H@5$7$/F0:n$7$J$$$b$N$,$"$k$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#(B

    $B$3$N5!G=$r;HMQ$9$k$3$H$G!"$=$N$h$&$J%/%i%$%"%s%H$H$N4V$N8_49@-LdBj$r2r7h$G$-$^$9!#(B</p>



    <h2>nokeepalive</h2>



    <p>This disables <a

    href="mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a> when set.</p>

    <p>$B$3$l$,@_Dj$5$l$F$$$k>l9g$O!"(B<a href="mod/core.html#keepalive"

    >KeepAlive</a> $B$r;HMQ$7$J$$$h$&$K$7$^$9!#(B</p>

    <hr />



    <h2><a id="examples" name="examples">$BNc(B</a></h2>



    <h2>redirect-carefully</h2>
@@ -280,13 +278,10 @@ 
    a problem handling redirects on directory resources via DAV 

    methods.</p>



    <hr />

    <h2><a id="examples" name="examples">Examples</a></h2>



    <h3>Changing protocol behavior with misbehaving clients</h3>

    <h3>$B$*$+$7$J5sF0$r$9$k%/%i%$%"%s%H$KBP$7$F%W%m%H%3%k$NF0:n$rJQ99$9$k(B</h3>



    <p>We recommend that the following lines be included in

    httpd.conf to deal with known client problems.</p>

    <p>$B%/%i%$%"%s%H$K4X$9$k4{CN$NLdBj$KBP=h$9$k$?$a$K!"0J2<$N9T$r(B

    httpd.conf $B$KF~$l$k$3$H$r?d>)$7$F$$$^$9!#(B</p>

<pre>

#

# The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior.
@@ -309,12 +304,12 @@ BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0 
BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0

</pre>



    <h3>Do not log requests for images in the access log</h3>

    <h3>$B2hA|$X$N%j%/%(%9%H$r%"%/%;%9%m%0$K5-O?$7$J$$(B</h3>



    <p>This example keeps requests for images from appearing in the

    access log. It can be easily modified to prevent logging of

    particular directories, or to prevent logging of requests

    coming from particular hosts.</p>

    <p>$B$3$NNc$G$O!"2hA|$X$N%j%/%(%9%H$,%"%/%;%9%m%0$K8=$l$J$$$h$&$K$7$^$9!#(B

    $B$3$l$rJQ99$9$k$3$H$G!"FCDj$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%m%0<}=8$r$d$a$?$j!"(B

    $BFCDj$N%[%9%H$+$i$N%j%/%(%9%H$N%m%0<}=8$r$d$a$?$j$9$k$3$H$,4JC1$K$G$-$^$9!#(B

    </p>

<pre>

    SetEnvIf Request_URI \.gif image-request

    SetEnvIf Request_URI \.jpg image-request
@@ -322,13 +317,13 @@ BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 
    CustomLog logs/access_log env=!image-request

</pre>



    <h3>Prevent "Image Theft"</h3>

    <h3>$B!V2hA|$NEpMQ!W$rKI$0(B</h3>



    <p>This example shows how to keep people not on your server

    from using images on your server as inline-images on their

    pages. This is not a recommended configuration, but it can work

    in limited circumstances. We assume that all your images are in

    a directory called /web/images.</p>

    <p>$B$3$NNc$O!"JL$N%5!<%P$K$$$k?M$,!"$"$J$?$N%5!<%P$K$"$k2hA|$r(B

    inline $B2hA|$H$7$F;HMQ$9$k$3$H$rKI$.$^$9!#(B

    $B$3$l$O?d>)$5$l$F$$$k@_Dj$G$O$"$j$^$;$s$,!"$"$k8BDj$5$l$?>u67$G$OM-8z$G$9!#(B

    $B$3$3$G$O!"$9$Y$F$N2hA|$O(B /web/images $B$H$$$&%G%#%l%/%H%j$K$"$k$H2>Dj$7$^$9!#(B

    </p>

<pre>

    SetEnvIf Referer "^http://www.example.com/" local_referal

    # Allow browsers that do not send Referer info
@@ -340,11 +335,10 @@ BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 
    &lt;/Directory&gt;

</pre>



    <p>For more information about this technique, see the

    ApacheToday tutorial " <a

    href="http://apachetoday.com/news_story.php3?ltsn=2000-06-14-002-01-PS">

    Keeping Your Images from Adorning Other Sites</a>".</p>

    <p>$B$3$N<jK!$K4X$9$k>\$7$$>pJs$O(B ApacheToday $B$N%A%e!<%H%j%"%k(B &quot;<a

    href="http://apachetoday.com/news_story.php3?ltsn=2000-06-14-002-01-ps"

    >Keeping Your Images from Adorning Other Sites</a>&quot;

    $B$r;2>H$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B</p>

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