Commit 205b2fa4 authored by Jason S. Lingohr's avatar Jason S. Lingohr
Browse files

Backport of htdbm documentation addition, as submitted by 

Matt Brubeck <mbrubeck@cs.hmc.edu>.  Add manpage, update
transformations, add props.


git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/branches/2.0.x@161235 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
parent cf1096e5

docs/man/htdbm.1

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.TH "HTDBM" 1 "2005-04-07" "Apache HTTP Server" "htdbm"



.SH NAME

htdbm \- Manipulate DBM password databases



.SH "SYNOPSIS"

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ] [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] [ -\fBx\fR ] \fIfilename\fR \fIusername\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBb\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ] [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] \fIfilename\fR \fIusername\fR \fIpassword\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBn\fR [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] \fIusername\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBnb\fR [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] \fIusername\fR \fIpassword\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBv\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ] [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] \fIfilename\fR \fIusername\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBvb\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ] [ -\fBc\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] [ -\fBt\fR ] [ -\fBv\fR ] \fIfilename\fR \fIusername\fR \fIpassword\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBx\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ] [ -\fBm\fR | -\fBd\fR | -\fBp\fR | -\fBs\fR ] \fIfilename\fR \fIusername\fR

 

.PP

\fBhtdbm\fR -\fBl\fR [ -\fBT\fR\fIDBTYPE\fR ]

 



.SH "SUMMARY"

 

.PP

htdbm is used to manipulate the DBM format files used to store usernames and password for basic authentication of HTTP users via mod_auth_dbm\&. See the dbmmanage documentation for more information about these DBM files\&.

 



.SH "OPTIONS"

 

 

.TP

-b

Use batch mode; \fIi\&.e\&.\fR, get the password from the command line rather than prompting for it\&. This option should be used with extreme care, since \fBthe password is clearly visible\fR on the command line\&.  

.TP

-c

Create the \fIpasswdfile\fR\&. If \fIpasswdfile\fR already exists, it is rewritten and truncated\&. This option cannot be combined with the -n option\&.  

.TP

-n

Display the results on standard output rather than updating a database\&. This option changes the syntax of the command line, since the \fIpasswdfile\fR argument (usually the first one) is omitted\&. It cannot be combined with the -c option\&.  

.TP

-m

Use MD5 encryption for passwords\&. On Windows, Netware and TPF, this is the default\&.  

.TP

-d

Use crypt() encryption for passwords\&. The default on all platforms but Windows, Netware and TPF\&. Though possibly supported by htdbm on all platforms, it is not supported by the httpd server on Windows, Netware and TPF\&.  

.TP

-s

Use SHA encryption for passwords\&. Facilitates migration from/to Netscape servers using the LDAP Directory Interchange Format (ldif)\&.  

.TP

-p

Use plaintext passwords\&. Though htdbm will support creation on all platforms, the httpd daemon will only accept plain text passwords on Windows, Netware and TPF\&.  

.TP

-l

Print each of the usernames and comments from the database on stdout\&.  

.TP

-t

Interpret the final parameter as a comment\&. When this option is specified, an additional string can be appended to the command line; this string will be stored in the "Comment" field of the database, associated with the specified username\&.  

.TP

-v

Verify the username and password\&. The program will print a message indicating whether the supplied password is valid\&. If the password is invalid, the program exits with error code 3\&.  

.TP

-x

Delete user\&. If the username exists in the specified DBM file, it will be deleted\&.  

.TP

\fIfilename\fR

The filename of the DBM format file\&. Usually without the extension \&.db, \&.pag, or \&.dir\&. If -c is given, the DBM file is created if it does not already exist, or updated if it does exist\&.  

.TP

\fIusername\fR

The username to create or update in \fIpasswdfile\fR\&. If \fIusername\fR does not exist in this file, an entry is added\&. If it does exist, the password is changed\&.  

.TP

\fIpassword\fR

The plaintext password to be encrypted and stored in the DBM file\&. Used only with the -b flag\&.  

.TP

-T\fIDBTYPE\fR

Type of DBM file (SDBM, GDBM, DB, or "default")\&.  

 

.SH "BUGS"

 

.PP

One should be aware that there are a number of different DBM file formats in existence, and with all likelihood, libraries for more than one format may exist on your system\&. The three primary examples are SDBM, NDBM, GNU GDBM, and Berkeley/Sleepycat DB 2/3/4\&. Unfortunately, all these libraries use different file formats, and you must make sure that the file format used by \fIfilename\fR is the same format that htdbm expects to see\&. htdbm currently has no way of determining what type of DBM file it is looking at\&. If used against the wrong format, will simply return nothing, or may create a different DBM file with a different name, or at worst, it may corrupt the DBM file if you were attempting to write to it\&.

 

.PP

One can usually use the file program supplied with most Unix systems to see what format a DBM file is in\&.

 

.SH "EXIT STATUS"

 

.PP

htdbm returns a zero status ("true") if the username and password have been successfully added or updated in the DBM File\&. htdbm returns 1 if it encounters some problem accessing files, 2 if there was a syntax problem with the command line, 3 if the password was entered interactively and the verification entry didn't match, 4 if its operation was interrupted, 5 if a value is too long (username, filename, password, or final computed record), 6 if the username contains illegal characters (see the Restrictions section), and 7 if the file is not a valid DBM password file\&.

 

.SH "EXAMPLES"

 

.nf



      htdbm /usr/local/etc/apache/\&.htdbm-users jsmith

    

.fi

 

.PP

Adds or modifies the password for user jsmith\&. The user is prompted for the password\&. If executed on a Windows system, the password will be encrypted using the modified Apache MD5 algorithm; otherwise, the system's crypt() routine will be used\&. If the file does not exist, htdbm will do nothing except return an error\&.

 

.nf



      htdbm -c /home/doe/public_html/\&.htdbm jane

    

.fi

 

.PP

Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user jane\&. The user is prompted for the password\&. If the file exists and cannot be read, or cannot be written, it is not altered and htdbm will display a message and return an error status\&.

 

.nf



      htdbm -mb /usr/web/\&.htdbm-all jones Pwd4Steve

    

.fi

 

.PP

Encrypts the password from the command line (Pwd4Steve) using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified file\&.

 

.SH "SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS"

 

.PP

Web password files such as those managed by htdbm should \fInot\fR be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should not be fetchable with a browser\&.

 

.PP

The use of the -b option is discouraged, since when it is used the unencrypted password appears on the command line\&.

 

.SH "RESTRICTIONS"

 

.PP

On the Windows and MPE platforms, passwords encrypted with htdbm are limited to no more than 255 characters in length\&. Longer passwords will be truncated to 255 characters\&.

 

.PP

The MD5 algorithm used by htdbm is specific to the Apache software; passwords encrypted using it will not be usable with other Web servers\&.

 

.PP

Usernames are limited to 255 bytes and may not include the character :\&.

docs/manual/programs/configure.html.en

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      <dt><code>--enable-static-checkgid</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code>checkgid</code>.</dd>



      

      <dt><code>--enable-static-htdbm</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code>htdbm</code>.</dd>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/htdbm.html">htdbm</a></code>.</dd>



      <dt><code>--enable-static-htdigest</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code class="program"><a href="../programs/htdigest.html">htdigest</a></code>.</dd>

docs/manual/programs/configure.xml

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      <dt><code>--enable-static-checkgid</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code>checkgid</code>.</dd>



      <!-- missing documentation for htdbm -->

      <dt><code>--enable-static-htdbm</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <code>htdbm</code>.</dd>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <program>

        htdbm</program>.</dd>



      <dt><code>--enable-static-htdigest</code></dt>

      <dd>Build a statically linked version of <program>

docs/manual/programs/htdbm.html

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URI: htdbm.html.en

Content-Language: en

Content-type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

docs/manual/programs/htdbm.html.en

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--

        XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

              This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT

        XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

      -->

<title>htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases - Apache HTTP Server</title>

<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />

<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />

<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />

<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>

<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">

<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>

<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p>

<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>

<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>

<div id="path">

<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.0</a> &gt; <a href="./">Programs</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases</h1>

<div class="toplang">

<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/htdbm.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a></p>

</div>



    <p><code>htdbm</code> is used to manipulate the DBM format files used to

    store usernames and password for basic authentication of HTTP users via

    <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</a></code>.  See the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code>

    documentation for more information about these DBM files.</p>

</div>

<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#options">Options</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#bugs">Bugs</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#exit">Exit Status</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Considerations</a></li>

<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#restrictions">Restrictions</a></li>

</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</a></code></li></ul></div>

<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="synopsis" id="synopsis">Synopsis</a></h2>

    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>x</strong> ]

    <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>b</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    <var>filename</var> <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>n</strong>

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    <var>username</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>nb</strong>

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>v</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>vb</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    [ -<strong>c</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>t</strong> ]

    [ -<strong>v</strong> ]

    <var>filename</var> <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>x</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    [ -<strong>m</strong> |

      -<strong>d</strong> |

      -<strong>p</strong> |

      -<strong>s</strong> ]

    <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p>



    <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>l</strong>

    [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ]

    </code></p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="options" id="options">Options</a></h2>

    <dl>

    <dt><code>-b</code></dt>

    <dd>Use batch mode; <em>i.e.</em>, get the password from the command line

    rather than prompting for it. This option should be used with extreme care,

    since <strong>the password is clearly visible</strong> on the command

    line.</dd>



    <dt><code>-c</code></dt>

    <dd>Create the <var>passwdfile</var>. If <var>passwdfile</var> already

    exists, it is rewritten and truncated. This option cannot be combined with

    the <code>-n</code> option.</dd>



    <dt><code>-n</code></dt>

    <dd>Display the results on standard output rather than updating a

    database.  This option changes the syntax of the command line, since the

    <var>passwdfile</var> argument (usually the first one) is omitted. It

    cannot be combined with the <code>-c</code> option.</dd>



    <dt><code>-m</code></dt>

    <dd>Use MD5 encryption for passwords. On Windows, Netware and TPF, this is

    the default.</dd>



    <dt><code>-d</code></dt>

    <dd>Use <code>crypt()</code> encryption for passwords. The default on all

    platforms but Windows, Netware and TPF. Though possibly supported by

    <code>htdbm</code> on all platforms, it is not supported by the

    <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> server on Windows, Netware and TPF.</dd>



    <dt><code>-s</code></dt>

    <dd>Use SHA encryption for passwords. Facilitates migration from/to Netscape

    servers using the LDAP Directory Interchange Format (ldif).</dd>



    <dt><code>-p</code></dt>

    <dd>Use plaintext passwords. Though <code>htdbm</code> will support

    creation on all platforms, the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> daemon will

    only accept plain text passwords on Windows, Netware and TPF.</dd>



    <dt><code>-l</code></dt>

    <dd>Print each of the usernames and comments from the database on

    stdout.</dd>



    <dt><code>-t</code></dt>

    <dd>Interpret the final parameter as a comment.  When this option is

    specified, an additional string can be appended to the command line; this

    string will be stored in the "Comment" field of the database, associated

    with the specified username.</dd>



    <dt><code>-v</code></dt>

    <dd>Verify the username and password.  The program will print a message

    indicating whether the supplied password is valid.  If the password is

    invalid, the program exits with error code 3.</dd>



    <dt><code>-x</code></dt>

    <dd>Delete user. If the username exists in the specified DBM file, it

    will be deleted.</dd>



    <dt><code><var>filename</var></code></dt>

    <dd>The filename of the DBM format file. Usually without the extension

    <code>.db</code>, <code>.pag</code>, or <code>.dir</code>.  If

    <code>-c</code> is given, the DBM file is created if it does not already

    exist, or updated if it does exist.</dd>



    <dt><code><var>username</var></code></dt>

    <dd>The username to create or update in <var>passwdfile</var>. If

    <var>username</var> does not exist in this file, an entry is added. If it

    does exist, the password is changed.</dd>



    <dt><code><var>password</var></code></dt>

    <dd>The plaintext password to be encrypted and stored in the DBM file.

    Used only with the <code>-b</code> flag.</dd>



    <dt><code>-T<var>DBTYPE</var></code></dt>

    <dd>Type of DBM file (SDBM, GDBM, DB, or "default").</dd>

    </dl>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="bugs" id="bugs">Bugs</a></h2>

    <p>One should be aware that there are a number of different DBM file

    formats in existence, and with all likelihood, libraries for more than

    one format may exist on your system. The three primary examples are

    SDBM, NDBM, GNU GDBM, and Berkeley/Sleepycat DB 2/3/4. Unfortunately,

    all these libraries use different file formats, and you must make sure

    that the file format used by <var>filename</var> is the same format that

    <code>htdbm</code> expects to see. <code>htdbm</code> currently has

    no way of determining what type of DBM file it is looking at. If used

    against the wrong format, will simply return nothing, or may create a

    different DBM file with a different name, or at worst, it may corrupt

    the DBM file if you were attempting to write to it.</p>



    <p>One can usually use the <code>file</code> program supplied with most

    Unix systems to see what format a DBM file is in.</p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="exit" id="exit">Exit Status</a></h2>

    <p><code>htdbm</code> returns a zero status ("true") if the username and

    password have been successfully added or updated in the DBM File.

    <code>htdbm</code> returns <code>1</code> if it encounters some problem

    accessing files, <code>2</code> if there was a syntax problem with the

    command line, <code>3</code> if the password was entered interactively and

    the verification entry didn't match, <code>4</code> if its operation was

    interrupted, <code>5</code> if a value is too long (username, filename,

    password, or final computed record), <code>6</code> if the username

    contains illegal characters (see the <a href="#restrictions">Restrictions

    section</a>), and <code>7</code> if the file is not a valid DBM password

    file.</p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2>

    <div class="example"><p><code>

      htdbm /usr/local/etc/apache/.htdbm-users jsmith

    </code></p></div>



    <p>Adds or modifies the password for user <code>jsmith</code>. The user

    is prompted for the password. If executed on a Windows system, the password

    will be encrypted using the  modified Apache MD5 algorithm; otherwise, the

    system's <code>crypt()</code> routine will be used. If the file does not

    exist, <code>htdbm</code> will do nothing except return an error.</p>



    <div class="example"><p><code>

      htdbm -c /home/doe/public_html/.htdbm jane

    </code></p></div>



    <p>Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user <code>jane</code>.

    The user is prompted for the password. If the file exists and cannot be

    read, or cannot be written, it is not altered and <code>htdbm</code>

    will display a message and return an error status.</p>



    <div class="example"><p><code>

      htdbm -mb /usr/web/.htdbm-all jones Pwd4Steve

    </code></p></div>



    <p>Encrypts the password from the command line (<code>Pwd4Steve</code>)

    using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified file.</p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>

<div class="section">

<h2><a name="security" id="security">Security Considerations</a></h2>

    <p>Web password files such as those managed by <code>htdbm</code> should

    <em>not</em> be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should

    not be fetchable with a browser.</p>



    <p>The use of the <code>-b</code> option is discouraged, since when it is

    used the unencrypted password appears on the command line.</p>

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<div class="section">

<h2><a name="restrictions" id="restrictions">Restrictions</a></h2>

    <p>On the Windows and MPE platforms, passwords encrypted with

    <code>htdbm</code> are limited to no more than <code>255</code>

    characters in length. Longer passwords will be truncated to 255

    characters.</p>



    <p>The MD5 algorithm used by <code>htdbm</code> is specific to the Apache

    software; passwords encrypted using it will not be usable with other Web

    servers.</p>



    <p>Usernames are limited to <code>255</code> bytes and may not include the

    character <code>:</code>.</p>

</div></div>

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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/htdbm.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a></p>

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<p class="apache">Copyright 1995-2005 The Apache Software Foundation or its licensors, as applicable.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>

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